Globalization

Question 1

What does globalization create?

Answer 1

A “global village” and:
▪ Dependance
▪ More inequality
▪ Damage to local culture and environment
▪ Neo-Imperialism?

Question 2

What is Globalization and its benefits?

Answer 2

The rapid movement of capital, commodities, culture, and people across national boundaries

Question 3

How can globalization hurt cultures and the natural environment?

Answer 3

McDonalization, coca-colonization, Americanization, cultural imperialism (neo imperialism)

Question 4

Imperialism

Answer 4

Economic domination of one country by another

Question 5

Global commodity chain

Answer 5

Worldwide network of labour and production processes whose end result is a finished commodity

Question 6

What is globalization built on?

Answer 6

▪️Technology: like travel, phone, internet
▪ Politics: style of government predicts level of globalization
▪ Economics: Globalization is driven by the quest for profits and new markets

Question 7

Transnational Corporations

Answer 7

Large businesses with head offices in rich countries

Question 8

How do transnational corporations differ from traditional corporations? (5 ways)

Answer 8

1. Depend increasingly on foreign labour and production
2. Increasingly emphasizes skills and advances in design, technology, and management
3. Depend increasingly on massive advertising campaigns
4. On world markets
5. Are increasingly autonomous from national governments

Question 9

Glocalization

Answer 9

Global but with local flavour.
E.g. crispy Chinese

Question 10

McDonalization

Answer 10

Form of Rationalization – spread of efficiency, predictability, calculability

Question 11

Regionalization

Answer 11

Division of the world into different and often competing economic, political, and cultural areas
Regional blocks that compete with each other, but remain homogeneous in terms of culture

Question 12

What are the Three views of globalization?

Answer 12

▪ Recent (post-1980)
▪ Intermediate (Post 1500 CE)
▪ Old/archaic (Has been going on for thousands of years)

Question 13

Intermediate suggestion about globalization?

Answer 13

Globalization is the result of industrialization and modernization, which picked up pace late in the 19th century. That occurred as a result of
a) COLONIALISM and
b) the Growth of capitalism

Question 14

Historical suggestion:

Answer 14

Globalization is as old as civilization itself, and is, in fact, the CAUSE FOR MODERNIZATION

Question 15

What approach does Modernization Theory stem from?

Answer 15

Functionalist

Question 16

Modernization Theory

Answer 16

Underdevelopment results from poor countries lacking Western attributes

Question 17

What attributes of Western countries do poor countries lack?

Answer 17

Western values, business practices, levels of investment capital, and stable governments

Question 18

What are the causes that make poor societies poor?

Answer 18

Because they

1. Lack capital to invest in Western-style agriculture and industry
2. Lack rational, Western-style business techniques of marketing, accounting, sales, and finance
3. Lack Western-style stable governments that could provide secure environment for investment
4. Lack Western mentality that emphasizes need for savings, investment, innovation, education, high achievement, and self-control in having children

Question 19

Solutions to poverty

Answer 19

▪ Transfer western capital and values ▪ Government to government aid
▪ Direct western investment
▪ Trade (especially free trade)

Question 20

What approach does Dependency Theory stem from?

Answer 20

Conflict Theory

Question 21

Dependency Theory

Answer 21

Rich powerful countries exploit poorer ones to keep them poor

Question 22

Colonialism

Answer 22

Use of the colonies for a source of:
1) raw materials
2) cheap labour
3) investment opportunities
4) Markets

Question 23

Direct control through force replaced by..

Answer 23

Financial and cultural forms of control:

• Substantial foreign investment
• Support for authoritarian governments
• Mounting debt

Question 24

Core capitalist countries

Answer 24

Major sources of capital and technology in the world

Question 25

Peripheral capitalist countries

Answer 25

Major sources of raw materials and cheap labour

Question 26

Semiperipheral capitalist countries

Answer 26

Former colonies that are making considerable headway in attempts to industrialize.

Question 27

What are the Ways prospering semiperipheral countries differ from poorer peripheral countries?

Answer 27

1. Type of colonialism
2. Geopolitical position
3. State policy
4. Social structure

Question 28

Neoliberal globalization is a policy that promotes:

Answer 28

• Private control of industry
• Minimal government interference in the running of the economy
• Removal of taxes, tariffs, and restrictive regulations that discourage international buying and selling of goods and services
• Encouragement of foreign investment

Question 29

What are the Reforms needed to improve the situation of developing nations?

Answer 29

1. Strict oversight of foreign aid
2. Debt cancellation by rich countries and banks
3. Tariff reduction by rich countries