Globalisation + Sustainability

Question 1

Globalisation

Answer 1

A process in which customers, organizations and governments are increasingly interconnected across national boarders. Moving and exchanging goods and services all over the planet.

Question 2

Globalisation of markets

Answer 2

The historically distinct and separate national markets are merging into one huge global market place

Question 3

Globalisation of production

Answer 3

Global sourcing: suppply chain enhancement, reduce costs and exchange rate risk, attract global talent, understand markets and improve products.

Restoring: rebuild capability, shorter supply chains and more resilience, more diversified economy.

Question 4

Drivers of globalisation

Answer 4

Technology
Transportation: navigation, power sources, containerstations

Information and communication technology: telegraphy, telephone, computer, the internet

Question 5

Is Globalisation inevitable?

Answer 5

Technology advances are unlikely to stop

Question 6

Liberalization

Answer 6

The process of relaxation of trade rules and regulations of a country by the government which paves the way for economic growth and development

Question 7

Neoliberalism

Answer 7

Favoring policies that promote freemarket capitalism, deregulation and reducing in government spending.

Question 8

Polarization

Answer 8

Division into two sharply distinct opposites

Question 9

Hyperglobalist perspective

Answer 9

Seeing globalisation as a significant historical process that generates new forms of global economy, politics and culture. Extreme levels of interconnected mess and interrogation among countries and economies on a global scale.

Question 10

Skeptical perspective

Answer 10

Can not ignore negative consequences + societal implications. Impacts on indigenous cultures. Threats to the worlds cultural diversity. Nations feeling like they are losing control over key decisions. Making the whole world more uniform to fit the western model.

Question 11

Transformationalist perspective

Answer 11

Recognizes both positives and negative consequences of global intergratin. Acknowledges global integration.

Question 12

Challanges for multinational corporations

Answer 12

Achieving corporate egitimacy in an unfamiliar society.

Differing philosophies between MNC’s and host countries

In less developed countries (LDC’s) with fewer government regulations, the temptation is to lower or reject standards.

Question 13

Ethical imperialism

Answer 13

A situation where a code of ethical behaviour or attitude is imposed on another community or society

Question 14

Cultural relativism

Answer 14

The ability to understand a culture on its won terms and not to make judgements using the standards of ones own culture.

Prioritizes tolerance, understanding and respect for varied cultural traditions, while the ethical imperialist advocated universal standard of ethics and ideals.

Question 15

International law global codes of conduct

Answer 15

Broad middle ground between cultural relativism and ethical imperialism

Question 16

To improve global ethics for MNC’s

Answer 16

Create global codes of conduct
Link ethics with global strategy
Suspension of business activities in certain countries
Creat ethical impact statements and audits.

Question 17

Just remember: tearfunds ethical fashion guide

Question 18

Social accountability

Answer 18

The extent and capacity of citizens to hold the state and service providers accountable and make them responsive to the neeeds of citizens and beneficiaries.

Question 19

Anti Globalisation

Answer 19

A globally interconnected network opposing unregulated free market capitalism. Fighting against the increasing power of multinational corporations.

Question 20

Brundtland definition

Answer 20

Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 21

Ecological perspective

Answer 21

Sustainability is the ability of an ecosystem to maintain ecological processes, functions, biodiversity and productivity into the future - this definition emphasizes the importance of ecological health and biodiversity.

Question 22

Triple bottom line perspective

Answer 22

Sustainability is the balanced pursuit of economic prosperity, environmental quality and social equity. This is also known as the three pillars of sustainability, or people planet profit highlights the importance of balancing economic, environmental and social goals.

Question 23

The resilience perspective

Answer 23

Sustainability is the capacity to endure, it is how biological systems remain diverse and productive indefinitely. This definition emphasizes the importance of resilience and adaptability.

Question 24

The justice perspective

Answer 24

Sustainability is not just about the environment. It’s also about our capacity to create fair and just societies that provide for the basic neeed of all people without depleting or degrading out natural resources. This definition emphasizes social justice and equity.

Question 25

Sustainable development

Answer 25

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 26

Two concepts of sustainability

Answer 26

Needs: the essential needs of the worlds poor to which overriding priority should be given.

Limitations: imposed by the state of technology and social organization on the environments ability to meet present and future needs.

Question 27

The Anthropocene

Answer 27

A proposed period of time from the commencement of significant human impact on the earths geology and eco systems. The Anthropocene defines earths most recent geologic time period as being human influences, or anthropogenic based on overwhelming goal evidence that earth system process are now altered by humans.

Any time during which humans have created a substantial impact on the planet.

Question 28

Sustainablilty issues

Answer 28

Are world-wide problems created by countries and their individual businesses and consumers.

Question 29

Sustainable consumption

Answer 29

A macro-economy predicted on the continual expansion of a debt-driven, materialistic consumerism is ecologically unstable, socially diverse and financially unstable.

Question 30

Socio-cultural

Answer 30

Social + cultural factors.
Patterns of overconsumption present an impending ecological threat to individual, social and global well-being.

Question 31

Global consumption levels and patterns are driven by

Answer 31

Rapid global population growth

The rise in global affluence - middle and lower-income customers

A culture of consumerism among higher income groups.

Socially sustainable development is the aim, ecological sustainability is a fundamental requirement, and the economy is a tool.

Question 32

Resilience

Answer 32

The ability of a system, community or individual to withstand, adapt and recover from stresses and shocks. Building the capacity to deal with change and continue to develop. Importance isn’t he face of climate change, economic fluctuations, social disruptions etc.

Question 33

Lack of sustainability is highly correlated with

Answer 33

High consumption

Question 34

Micro marketing perspective: the product lifestyle

Answer 34

Costs from product use and recycling phases typically not included in company accounts. From economics concept of externalities (costs absorbed into society).

Question 35

Innovation

Answer 35

Business innovation must respond to the challenge of sustainable consumption through: eco efficiceny measures, product innovation and design, production and supply chain management, and business model innovation

Question 36

Choice influencing

Answer 36

Refers to any way in which a business seeks to influence consumer behavior towards more sustainable consumption. It can help consumers to fund, choose and use sustainable products and services, by providing information, ensuring availability and affordability and setting the appropriate tone through marketing communications.

Question 37

Choice editing

Answer 37

Businesses edit choice by controlling elements of their supply chain or by eliminating product components that pose a risk to the environment or human health.

Question 38

Policy markets

Answer 38

may choice edit by developing legislation that would ban a product or substance, mandate labeling or place restrictions on adversiting practices.

Question 39

Circular economy

Answer 39

Collecting and processing ➡️ production and purchasing ➡️ consumption and use ➡️recycle

Question 40

Repairability label

Answer 40

How easy a product is to repair before you buy it