Globalisation And The Digital Social World Flashcards
Feminist perspective: empowerment
BATES
Women can now use digital forms of communication to raise awareness, by reporting cases of sexual harassment and misogyny in public ok specific platforms led to changes in law such as the voyeurism.
Everyday sexism project
Feminist perspective: cyborg identity
HARROWAY
anonymity granted by many forms of digital communication, including virtual communities, allows people to transcend an oppressed identity
Second life game
Gendered cyber hate
JANE
Violent and abusive language and threats against females online has become more prevalent
Joey Barton’s abuse of female sportsperson
Feminist perspective: patriarchal apparatus
TUCHMAN
Growth in pornography websites has led to greater sexual objectification of women
limits women in certain social roles and suggests their achievements as less important than looks
Only fans
Marxist perspective: monopoly of ownership
JENKINS
Digital media is owned and dominated by transnational corporations, sometimes referred to as FAANG and the owners subsequently use these platforms to shape and control the masses, manipulating how people think and behave, encouraging passive acceptance of capitalism.
Facebook, amazon
Marxist perspective: consumer surveillance
COOKIES
companies sell products and services on the internet through the form of cookies so similar products appear on our social media platforms encouraging us to spend more money and increase their profits.
Marxist perspective: Dumb down entertainment
MERTENS & D’HANENS
Social media platforms such as tiktok are a form of entertainment that provides no real threat to capitalism; helps control and occupy the behaviour of the masses
Reality tv shows are another example
Marxist perspectives: Pendulum of power
JOYCE
Use of digital media swings back and forth between protesters and government; those in power do not allow protesters to gain ground using digital media for long
Black Lives Matter movement
Postmodernist perspective: citizen journalism
CASTELLS
Greater democracy now exists due to information flowing horizontally as social media platforms like Twitter have enabled people to share stories, videos and experiences with each other.
People spread news like Southport riots
Postmodernism perspectives: ongoing autobiography
HART
social network platforms allow people to constantly update and reconstruct their identity and present the best version of themselves daily; a record on how people see their lives
Instagram, photoshop
Postmodernism perspective: positive surveillance
FOUCAULT
Social media acts as a form of surveillance to control and regulate behaviour; we are constantly being watched and monitored which reduces crime in contemporary society.
Southport riots police exposed people
Postmodernist perspective: prosumers
RITZER
Through digital communications individuals are no longer simply consumers, but also producers - we create media content as well as consuming it.
Newspaper online
Impact of digital forms of communication on identity (positive)
Ongoing autobiography and better version of themselves (Hart)
record of how people see themselves for the approval of others
empowerment (Cochrane)
presentation of self (Gardner and Davis)
accentuates attractive traits while downplaying unattractive ones, change identities according to diff apps, keep up with online impressions of themselves
Impact of digital forms of communication on identity (negative)
Digital trail (Ellison)
difficult to remove and causes harm can lead to cyber bullying, online activities often leave visible traces which can be tracked, packaged, and shared.
Modern Day Problems (Gardner and Davis)
reduces times spent with others teenagers more narcissistic compared with previous generations.
Gendered cyberhate (Jane)
Digital divide and impact: Age
Digital natives v digital immigrants (Prensky)
Silver surfers (Berry)
Mentally tethered (Turkle)
Toxic Childhood (Palmer)
Digital divide and impact: Social class
Digital underclass (Helsper)
Dumbed Down Entertainment (Mertens & D’Haenens)
Increased social ties (Granovetter)
Provided an opportunity for individuals, linkedin
Digital divide and impact: Gender
Gendered cyberhate (Jane)
Monopoly of ownership by men (Kramarae)
Empowerment (Cochrane)
Impact of digital forms of communication on relationships (positive)
Instantaneous communication (Gardner & Davis)
Enable relationships as it closes the geographical and time barriers that people once faced. Young people hang out on social media
Increased social ties (Granovetter)
Cyborg Identity (Harraway)
Impact of digital forms of communication on relationships (negative)
Alone together and anxiety (Turkle)
may physically be with our peers we’re glued to our devices lack of face to face communication
Quality of relationships (Turkle)
have friends on Facebook but its a superficial weak link diminishing true values of friendship
Screen rich bedroom culture (Chambers)
Impact of digital forms of communication on culture, social change: for
Civil society approach (Castells)
Digital age people have moved away from expressing their political and social concerns through hierarchal and bureaucratic organisations and political parties but through online with like minded individuals
Digital activism/clicktivism (Castells)
Growing from of activism, enabled people with a muted voice to be heard (Jurgenson) online petitions, organising marches lead to voyerism offences act
Impact of digital forms of communication on culture, social change: Against
Global divide & self promotion (keen)
UN say 90% of the worlds poorest countries do not have access to the internet, can’t have real change. Critical of digital tech vehicles of shameless self promotion
A hashtag is not a movement (Lee)
Digital activism can actually be ineffective and undermine upcoming movements for change. Promotes laziness or apathy especially among young people who have traditionally been active
Impact of digital forms of communication on culture: cultural homogenisation
Cultural imperialism (Seabrook) and global consumer culture- supermarket of style (Polhemus)
Dominated by American and Western companies imposing 5ths values such as democarcy, individualism, consumerism, and materialism. Shop at sos results in cultural similarities
Secularisation (Bruce)
Computer programmes- Microsoft
Impact of digital forms of communication on culture: cultural defence
Reverse colonisation (Giddens)- mexicanisation
Less powerful groups can show dominance. Mexicanisation of California significant because Mexico is poorer.
Access to digital media controlled by the state- great firewall
Citizens access to digital media controlled and censored, blocked all references to democracy can’t access wiki, Facebook, google
Alternative media channels- Al Jazeera
Network is restricted due to westernised ideas being damaging. Beloved YouTube and twitter caused Arab springs revolution. Crested their own news channel to control what people saw
Impact of digital forms of communication on culture: cultural hybridity
Glocalisation (Martell)
Observes that globalisation in terms of cultural products involves two products
First, western media and cultural producers adapt their products so that it appeals to their local markets and audiences
Secondly, local cultures select appropriate elements of westernised global culture that pleases them
