Globalisation And Migration Flashcards
What is globalisation?
The transformation of countries to accommodate more international populations, objects and cultures through trade, banking, tourism, sport, fashion and media, for example. It occurs on a global scale, and has effects on people and the environment. Sharing ideas and cultures on a worldwide scale.
What are the advantages of globalisation?
Cultures shared Better medicine Countries working together Less discrimination Increase in knowledge People in LEDCs can have jobs Better objects More choice Easier contact with governments of other countries Growing industries More people interested in learning about the world.
What are the disadvantages of globalisation?
Higher rate of pollution Animal cruelty Widening gap between MEDCs and LEDCs. Over-population in an area. LEDCs excluded from the process. They are the primary workers, but the people making, exporting and using the final products are in MEDCs. They gain the most money, and benefit the most. Awful working conditions in LEDCs.
What is a TNC?
Trans National Corporations. A brand that has spread over boarders. Production facilities and offices in many countries. Headquarters mainly in MEDCs. Factories in LEDCs. Thousands of people employed.
What are the economic impacts of TNCs?
Thousands of people employed. They gain money, so the government can tax them: wealthier government. Government doesn’t have to spend money to look after them: they can take care of themselves thanks to their own money.
What is migration?
The movement of people in and out of a country:
Immigrants: people moving into a country.
Emigrants: people moving out of a country.
What happens if there are more immigrants than emigrants and vice-versa?
If I is bigger than E:
Net in-migration (gain of population).
If E is bigger than I:
Net out-migration (loss of population).
What are the advantages for Mexicans going to the USA?
More resources for everyone else.
Money sent back to Mexico.
Unemployment lower.
Standard of living increases.
What are the disadvantages for Mexican going to the USA?
They may feel a lot of prejudice against them.
Families may be broken apart.
They might get bad, low-paying jobs.
Language barrier.
What are the advantages for the USA to have Mexican immigration?
Cultural diversity.
They do cheap work that nobody wants to do.
They increase the economy of the country.
Work gets done.
Gradually the standard of living in Mexico will increase and less Mexicans will need to migrate to the USA.
What are the disadvantages for the USA to have Mexican immigrants?
They have to pay higher taxes to cover the cost of new, improved services and to look after the immigrants.
Immigrants take American jobs: less jobs for Americans.
Reduces pay for Americans, as the Mexicans do the jobs just as well for less.
Competition for low-cost housing. Pressure.
What is voluntary migration? Forced migration? How do they differ?
Voluntary: it is their choice. They move out of free will. Internal (within the same country). International (to different countries for jobs etc. + economic gain).
Forced: they have no choice but to move due to persecution (religious or political), war, natural disasters etc. Eg. Refugees fleeing. Internat (éviction, natural disasters (displaced)). International (refugees, asylum seekers).
What is economic migration? Give an example.
When people move for financial reasons to other countries to find more and better work and gain more money on a voluntary basis. Based on push and pull factors.
Eg. Mexico to California, USA.
What is the difference between an asylum seeker and a refugee?
A refugee is someone who has been forced to leave their country for fear of persecution due to religion, race, war, politics and natural disasters. They are recognised as people at risk by the UNHCR.
An asylum seeker has left their country and is claiming to be a refugee. Until their status is proven they remain an asylum seeker and have fewer rights than a refugee.
