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Human Geo > global systems and global governance > Flashcards

global systems and global governance Flashcards

1
Q

global governance

A

the way in which global affairs that affect the whole world are managed

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2
Q

norms

A

the shared values and customs that govern group behaviour in society

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3
Q

ways we regulate global systems

A

-international legal agreements
-institutions and agencies
-reinforcement of social norms

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4
Q

capital flows

A

the movement of ​money for the purpose of ​investment​, trade ​or​ business production.

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5
Q

globalisation

A

rapid integration of the worlds economic systems

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6
Q

benefits of trade? (3)

A

-increased choice
-greater employment opportunities
-greater potential for growth

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7
Q

disadvantages of trade? (3)

A

-increased rich and poor gap
-exploitation of workers
-dominance by rich countries

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8
Q

TNCs

A

businesses with headquarters in one country but with operations in a number of others

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9
Q

corporate expansion characteristics

A

-expanding revenue
-lowering costs
-sourcing raw materials

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10
Q

corporate domination issues (3)

A

-damage to environment
-exploitation
-damage to culture

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11
Q

advantages of globalisation (4)

A

-free movement of people
-free exchange of goods
-free exchange of ideas
-higher level of life

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12
Q

disadvantages of globalisation (4)

A

-cultures eroded
-tech improvements destroy traditional agricultural practices
-harm to environment
-spread of disease

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13
Q

how has India profited from globalisation?

A

cut its poverty rate in half in the past 2 decades

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14
Q

5 dimensions of globalisation

A

-politics
-economy
-environment
-tech
-culture
-society

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15
Q

protectionism

A

an attempt by a country to impose restrictions on the open trade

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16
Q

factors of production (4)

A

-land
-labour
-capital
-enterprise

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17
Q

BRIC

A

brazil, russia, india, china
-economies advanced rapidly since the 1990s

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18
Q

leakages

A

-loss of income from an economic system
-usually TNCs profits being sent back to home country

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19
Q

remittance

A

the money that migrants send back to families in origin countries

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20
Q

deregulation

A

reduction of gov power in a particular industry

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21
Q

benefits of flow of labour (3)

A

-remittance sent home
-migrants benefit host country
-migrants get a better standard of living

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22
Q

containerisation

A

a system of large steel containers to transport goods
-cheaper, more eficent

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23
Q

protectionism

A

gov policy restricting trade with other countries to protect home-based industries from foreign competition

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24
Q

tariffs

A

tax placed on imported goods so they dont sell at a lower price than home based goods

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25
Q

overseas development aid

A

gov aid that targets the economic development of developing countries

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26
Q

advantage of trading entities (3)

A

-help develop economies
-reduce conflict
-create jobs

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27
Q

disadvantages of trading entities (2)

A

-environment suffers
-pressure to adopt central legislation

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28
Q

benefits of the EU (3)

A

-helps trade
-freedom to move around
-peace

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29
Q

customs union

A

-groups of state that charge the same import duties
-allow free trade between themselves

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30
Q

interdependence

A

each country depends on others

30
Q

4 main types of interdependence

A

-economic
-political
-social
-environmental

31
Q

economic interdependence- trade

A

-more countries participate in international trade
-countries rely on each other to supply their needs and buy their products

32
Q

economic interdependence- tech

A

cooperating with foreign businesses ma bring new innovations

33
Q

economic interdependence- employment

A

-jobs created in new areas

34
Q

economic interdependence- supply chains

A

components of one product may be produced in diff countries

35
Q

political interdependence- world peace

A

wars may be less likely to happen

36
Q

social interdependence- health

A

WHO helps coordinate health advice e.g. vaccines

37
Q

social interdependence- education

A

-increased participation in foreign exchange programmes

38
Q

environmental interdependence- climate change

A

more international summit agreements

39
Q

positives of interdependence (3)

A

-reduces unemployment
-reduces inequalities
-remittances create stability

40
Q

negatives of interdependence (3)

A

-loss of skilled workers in LICs
-overdependence on remittance
-migrants may be segragated

41
Q

unequal flows of people

A

mainly from LICs to HICs

42
Q

unequal flows of money e.g.s

A

-remittance
-growth of TNCs
-foreign aid

43
Q

unequal flows of tech e.g.s

A

-information flows
-manufacturing

44
Q

privatisation pro

A

-benefits consumers by lowering prices

45
Q

privatisation cons

A

profit retaines

46
Q

deregulation pro

A

encourages enterprise

47
Q

deregulation con

A

more relaxed laws lead to social injustices

48
Q

multiculturalism pro

A

developing countries can integrate into the global economy

49
Q

multiculturalism con

A

citizens may see it as a dilution of their culture

50
Q

GINI index

A

measure used to indicate inequality of income distribution within a country

51
Q

OECD

A

34 of the richest and most influential countries

52
Q

embargo

A

restrictions on a specific country against the movement of goods

53
Q

banana war cause

A

a trade deal between the EU an ex Caribbean colonies angered the USA

54
Q

Globalisation- Ewaste issues

A

-goods go to developing countries to sell the metals eg Ghana
-pollution
-toxic materials to humans

55
Q

globalisation- shipbreaking impacts

A

-breaking down containers
-ppl recycle the metal
-causes pollution on the beach eg India
-little worker protection

56
Q

Rana Plaza

A

-factory collapse in Bangladesh
-for high street shops
-1100 deaths

57
Q

globalisation- new shipping routes effects

A

-north of russia due to ice melts
reduces travel time from china
-global warming

58
Q
A
59
Q

global commons, examples

A

-antarctica
-high seas
-space
-atmosphere

60
Q

deregulation

A

-1980s, freer rules of markets
-free trade encouraged

61
Q

changes in the global economy

A

-fall of communism
-trading blocks
-deindustrialisation
-new emerging superpowers

62
Q

offshoring

A

basing some of a companies processes overseas, so as to take advantage of lower costs

63
Q

different types of flows

A

-capital
-labour
-products
-services

64
Q

flows of capital

A

-money moving around the world
i.e. investment, trade

65
Q

flows of services

A

-banking
-customer services ie. BT

66
Q
A
67
Q
A
68
Q

IMF

A

-regulates global economy
-advises gov on development
-gives loans to encourage development

68
Q

World Bank

A

-185 members
-source of financial aid
-aim to reduce poverty

68
Q

WTO

A

-deals with the global rules of trade
-resolves disputes

68
Q

social consequences to better access to markets

A

-high paying jobs
-more disposable income

69
Q

social consequences of poor access to markets

A

-less inve

Human Geo (8 decks)

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