Global patterns quiz vocab

Question 1

artifacts

Answer 1

an object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest

Question 2

primary source

Answer 2

direct evidence of a time or event; first-hand

Question 3

secondary source

Answer 3

made by someone who didn’t experience an event first-hand or participate

Question 4

citizenship

Answer 4

the position or status of being a citizen of a particular country

Question 5

Ancient/Classical Greece

Answer 5

Ancient Greece was a northeastern Mediterranean civilization, existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of classical antiquity, that comprised a loose collection of culturally and linguistically related city-states and other territories.

Question 6

Greece’s geography

Answer 6

the Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Ionian Sea to the west, and the Aegean Sea to the east. Greece is actually a series of islands or archipelagos and peninsulas. These islands and peninsulas were covered with high mountains, making travel by land very difficult.

Question 7

Polis

Answer 7

The political and organizational structure made by the ancient Greeks

Question 8

City-State

Answer 8

a city with its surrounding territory forms an independent state

Question 9

Acropolis

Answer 9

central, defensively oriented district in ancient Greek cities, located on the highest ground and containing the chief municipal and religious buildings.

Question 10

Agora

Answer 10

a public open space used for assemblies and markets

Question 11

Pericles

Answer 11

Greek politician and general during the Golden Age of Athens. He was prominent and influential in Athenian politics, particularly between the Greco-Persian Wars and the Peloponnesian War, also the father of Democracy

Question 12

Citizenship in Athens

Answer 12

you must be born in Athens to be a citizen

Question 13

Slavery in Athens

Answer 13

Slaves are usually those who don’t pay their debts or prisoners of war

Question 14

Assembly

Answer 14

the regular opportunity for all male citizens of Athens to speak their minds and exercise their votes regarding the government of their city. It was the most central and most definitive institution of the Athenian Democracy.

Question 15

ecclesia

Answer 15

an assembly of citizens in a city-state

Question 16

archon

Answer 16

each of the nine chief magistrates of ancient Athens

Question 17

council of 500

Answer 17

council that ran daily affairs of a city-state

Question 18

Jury

Answer 18

a group of people who have been chosen to listen to the facts of a trial in a law court and to decide whether a person is guilty or not guilty, or whether a claim has been proved

Question 19

generals

Answer 19

a commander of an army, or an army officer of very high rank.

Question 20

Aristocrats

Answer 20

Aristocracy is a form of government that places power in the hands of a small, privileged ruling class, the aristocrats.

Question 21

oligarchy

Answer 21

a small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.

Question 22

monarchy

Answer 22

a form of government with a monarch at the head; a king

Question 23

democracy

Answer 23

a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.

Question 24

Tyranny

Answer 24

cruel and oppressive government or rule

Question 25

Autocracy

Answer 25

a system of government by one person with absolute power

Question 26

Direct democracy

Answer 26

A form of government in which policies and laws decided by majority of all those eligible rather than by a body of elected representatives

Question 27

indirect democracy

Answer 27

Representative democracy, also known as indirect democracy, is a type of democracy where elected people represent a group of people, in contrast to direct democracy.

Question 28

Draco

Answer 28

Athenian lawgiver whose harsh legal code punished both trivial and serious crimes in Athens with death; during the oligarchy era

Question 29

Solon

Answer 29

Solon was an Athenian statesman, constitutional lawmaker and poet. He is remembered particularly for his efforts to legislate against political, economic and moral decline in Archaic Athens

Question 30

Boule

Answer 30

In cities of ancient Greece, the boule was a council of 500 citizens appointed to run daily affairs of the city

Question 31

Plato

Answer 31

Plato was an ancient Greek philosopher born in Athens during the Classical period.

Question 32

Republic

Answer 32

a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.

Question 33

Delian League

Answer 33

founded in 478 BCE following the Persian War to be a military alliance against any enemies that might threaten Ionian Greeks.

Question 34

Mytilenean Revolt

Answer 34

The Mytilenean revolt was an incident in the Peloponnesian War in which the city of Mytilene attempted to unify the island of Lesbos under its control and revolt from the Athenian Empire.

Question 35

Plato

Answer 35

Plato was an ancient Greek philosopher born in Athens during the Classical period. In Athens, Plato founded the Academy, a philosophical school where he taught the philosophical doctrines that would later become known as Platonism

Question 36

Despotism

Answer 36

the exercise of absolute power, especially in a cruel and oppressive way

Question 37

socrates

Answer 37

Socrates was a Greek philosopher from Athens who is credited as the founder of Western philosophy and among the first moral philosophers of the ethical tradition of thought

Question 38

Theory of Forms

Answer 38

The theory of Forms, theory of Ideas, Platonic idealism, or Platonic realism is a philosophical theory of metaphysics, attributed to the Classical Greek philosopher Plato. The theory suggests that the physical world is not as real or true as ideas, which are timeless, absolute and unchangeable.

Question 39

Aristotle

Answer 39

Aristotle was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy, linguistics, economics, politics, psychology and the arts.

Question 40

Philosopher King

Answer 40

a theoretical ruler who combines philosophical knowledge and temperament with political skill and power

Question 41

Alexander the Great

Answer 41

Alexander III of Macedon, commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. He succeeded his father Philip II to the throne in 336 BC at the age of 20, and spent most of his ruling years conducting a lengthy military campaign throughout Western Asia and Egypt.

Question 42

Citizenship in Rome

Answer 42

civitas, plural Civitates, citizenship in ancient Rome. Roman citizenship was acquired by birth if both parents were Roman citizens (cives), although one of them, usually the mother, might be a peregrinus (“alien”) with connubium (the right to contract a Roman marriage)

Question 43

Republic

Answer 43

A republic, based on the Latin phrase res publica, is a state in which political power rests with the public and their representatives—in contrast to a monarchy.

Question 44

Roman social classes

Answer 44

Patricians and plebeians. Traditionally, patrician refers to members of the upper class, while plebeian refers to lower class. Economic differentiation saw a small number of families accumulate most of the wealth in Rome, thus giving way to the creation of the patrician and plebeian classes.

Question 45

Senate

Answer 45

the state council of the ancient Roman republic and empire, which shared legislative power with the popular assemblies, administration with the magistrates, and judicial power with the knights.

Question 46

Dictator

Answer 46

a ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained control by force.

Question 47

Legions

Answer 47

a unit of 3,000–6,000 men in the ancient Roman army.

Question 48

Carthage

Answer 48

Carthage, a seaside suburb of Tunisia’s capital, Tunis, is known for its ancient archaeological sites. Founded by the Phoenicians in the first millennium B.C., it was once the seat of the powerful Carthaginian (Punic) Empire, which fell to Rome in the 2nd century B.C.

Question 49

Punic Wars

Answer 49

Punic Wars, also called Carthaginian Wars, (264–146 bce), a series of three wars between the Roman Republic and the Carthaginian (Punic) empire, resulting in the destruction of Carthage, the enslavement of its population, and Roman hegemony over the western Mediterranean.

Question 50

Hannibal

Answer 50

In 219 B.C., Hannibal of Carthage led an attack on Saguntum, an independent city allied with Rome, which sparked the outbreak of the Second Punic War. He then marched his massive army across the Pyrenees and Alps into central Italy in what would be remembered as one of the most famous campaigns in history.

Question 51

Veto

Answer 51

a constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body.

Question 52

Tribune

Answer 52

an official in ancient Rome chosen by the plebeians to protect their interests.

Question 53

Patricians

Answer 53

an aristocrat or nobleman.

Question 54

Plebeians

Answer 54

a commoner.

Question 55

First Triumvirate

Answer 55

The First Triumvirate was an informal political alliance among three prominent politicians in the late Roman Republic: Gaius Julius Caesar, Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus and Marcus Licinius Crassus.

Question 56

Marcus Brutus

Answer 56

Marcus Junius Brutus was a Roman politician, orator, and the most famous of the assassins of Julius Caesar

Question 57

Gaius Cassius

Answer 57

Gaius Cassius Longinus was a Roman senator and general best known as a leading instigator of the plot to assassinate Julius Caesar on 15 March 44 BC. He was the brother-in-law of Brutus, another leader of the conspiracy

Question 58

Second Triumvirate

Answer 58

The Second Triumvirate was an extraordinary commission and magistracy created for Mark Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian to give them practically absolute power. It was formally constituted by law on 27 November 43 BC with a term of five years; it was renewed in 37 BC for another five years before expiring in 32 BC

Question 59

Augustus

Answer 59

Caesar Augustus, also known as Octavian, was the founder of the Roman Empire; he reigned as the first Roman emperor from 27 BC until his death in AD 14

Question 60

Pax Romana

Answer 60

a state of comparative tranquillity throughout the Mediterranean world from the reign of Augustus (27 bce–14 ce) to the reign of Marcus Aurelius (161 –180 ce).