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geography > global governance > Flashcards

global governance Flashcards

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1
Q

globalisation: define globalisation

A

the increasing movement of people, goods and information around the world

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2
Q

globalisation: define trade

A

the exchange of goods through imports and exports

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3
Q

globalisation: define TNCs

A

transnational corporations - companies that operate in several countries

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4
Q

globalisation: define economy

A

system of the flow of money - can be local, national or global

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5
Q

globalisation: define labour

A

work done by people

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6
Q

globalisation: define capital

A

money

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7
Q

globalisation: define FDI

A

foreign direct investment - where companies or countries invest in a country

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8
Q

globalisation: define migration

A

the movement of people in and out of countries

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9
Q

globalisation: define marketing

A

advertising and branding products for target audiences

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10
Q

globalisation: define production

A

the manufacturing of goods

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11
Q

globalisation: define distribution

A

the movement of goods around the world

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12
Q

globalisation: define consumption

A

when people use goods

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13
Q

globalisation: define security

A

the protection of safety in global systems

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14
Q

global systems: define interdependence

A

when two or more countries become economically reliant on each other

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15
Q

global systems: define inequalities

A

differences in amounts or flows of money, people and technologies

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16
Q

global systems: define injustices

A

factors resulting in unfair practices for people and the environment

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17
Q

global systems: define geopolotics

A

a system of political relations between all the worlds countries

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18
Q

global systems: define stability

A

how secure a country or global system is in terms of level of risk to that country or system

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19
Q

global systems: define outsourcing

A

when a company sets up a section of its business in another country

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20
Q

global systems: define positive multiplier

A

when a factor has a knock on effect resulting in positive growth

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21
Q

global systems: define de-multiplier

A

when a factor has a knock-on effect that results in a chain of negative effects

22
Q

international trade and markets: define trade

A

the exchange of good between countries through imports

23
Q

international trade and markets: define tariff

A

an extra charge of imports and exports

24
Q

international trade and markets: define barriers

A

restrictions put in place to hinder trade

25
Q

international trade and markets: define protectionism

A

when governments place trade restrictions on certain goods with the idea that it will protect the domestic supply/ industry of the same good

26
Q

international trade and markets: define licensing

A

to show certification and authorisation of genuine goods

27
Q

international trade and markets: define quota

A

a limit imposed on some imported goods

28
Q

international trade and markets: define subsidy

A

a reduction in the costs of domestic goods so they can compete with imports

29
Q

international trade and markets: define embargoes

A

restrictions of goods from certain countries

30
Q

international trade and markets: define regulations

A

a set of trading rules

31
Q

international trade and markets: define restriction

A

something in place to stop or limit trade

32
Q

international trade and markets: define free trade

A

trade without quotas, tariffs or barriers

33
Q

international trade and markets: define fair trade

A

goods that are produced with a fair price / wage paid to the farmer/manufacturer

34
Q

global governance: define regulatory bodies

A

organisations that oversee the worlds political systems

35
Q

global governance: define global commons

A

regions that are not owned by one single nation state an do not conform to ordinary political systems

36
Q

global governance: define governance

A

a way of setting rules and ensuring those rules are followed

37
Q

global governance: define NGOs

A

non-governmental organisations

38
Q

global governance: define UN

A

united nations

39
Q

global governance: define top down

A

system of governance set for governments and political systems downwards

40
Q

global governance: define bottom up

A

system of governance set from grass roots, local councils and communities upwards

41
Q

global commons: define global commons

A

areas that are not within a political region and do not belong to one member state

42
Q

global commons: define common heritage

A

the idea that some areas are free for everyone to use as they belong to everyone

43
Q

global commons: define antarctic convergence zone

A

an area that includes the whole continent of antarctica as well as an area of the southern ocean which is protected under the antarctic treaty

44
Q

global commons: define whaling

A

hunting and killing whales for human consumption

45
Q

global commons: define krill

A

small creatures that are essential to biodiversity in the southern ocean; they are farmed for human consumption in many places

46
Q

global commons: define ocean acidification

A

where carbonic acid enters the ocean and alters its PH so its more acidic

47
Q

global commons: define the antarctic treaty

A

set up in 1959 between 12 countries to protect antarctic

48
Q

global commons: define protocol on environmental protection to the antarctic treaty

A

set up in 1991 by the UN as an update to the 1959 treaty

49
Q

global commons: define whaling moratorium

A

a break from commercial whaling as outlined by the IWC in 1982

50
Q

global commons: define scientific committee on antarctica research

A

a body that oversees the scientific research that is carried out in antarctica

geography (6 decks)

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