Global Governance Flashcards
What is global governance? - Global Governance
Global governance is the steering rules, norms and regulations used to regulate human activities. This looks at political, social, economic, environmental, military and medical issues.
What instance is there of national governments being reactive in global governance? - Global Governance
National governments can be reactive by legislating for certain outcomes and reaching international agreements. This can be seen through the global response to the financial crisis of 2008 and efforts to reduce its impacts.
What instance is there of national governments being proactive in global governance? - Global Governance
National govts may lobby for and contribute to international discussions. This is seen through the influence and involvement that some countries have on the UN Security Council (permanent members have greater power).
What instance is there of TNCs being reactive in global governance? - Global Governance
TNCs adopt new codes of conduct and amend their practices when criticised or if dictated to do so by legislation. This saw Apple introduce a new supplier code of conduct following the use of poor working practices in its outsourced operations.
What instance is there of TNCs being proactive? - Global Governance
TNCs can support the work of NGOs and international organisations. This was seen when British American Tobacco sponsored anti-smoking NGOs to publicise health risks from smoking and protect themselves from legal action.
What instance is there of international organisations being reactive? - Global Governance
Intl. organisations respond to global events to advise national governments and publicise NGO work. This was seen through the WHO’s role in the response to contain the Ebola epidemic/Coronavirus pandemic and their advise to national governments.
What instance is there of international organisations being proactive? - Global Governance
International organisations sponsor and facilitate discussions and agreements over issues. This was seen when the UNI Global Union and leading NGOs secured improved labour standards in Bangladesh.
How does global governance create stability? What example is there of this? - Global Governance
Global cooperation and management of issues through shared conduct and common rules mean that the likelihood of conflict is reduced as countries find it harder to exploit each other. The WTO’s common laws on trade prevent trade conflict and the WHO’s pandemic management creates social stability.
How does global governance promote growth? What example is there of this? - Global Governance
Global governance creates increased stability through the greater use of international institutions, meaning that increased economic growth can occur as a result. This can be seen through the WTO creating free trade and providing conditions for economic growth, as well as the use of World Bank development loans.
What issues are there with global governance? - Global Governance
Global governance usually revolves around agreements between countries, with it unable to enforce these on countries that are not signatories. It is also difficult to make countries comply with rules.
What instance is there of difficulty in getting countries to comply with rules and rulings? - Global Governance
In 2016, China ignored a court ruling after they built islands in the South China Sea to advance their claims over international waters here. No sanctions were placed on China.
What problems of inequality exist within global governance? - Global Governance
Groups such as the G7 strengthen the economic significance of the world’s largest economies, promoting inequalities between LICs and HICs. Furthermore, conditional loans provided by the IMF or World Bank often leave governments hamstrung over spending and force them to cut spending on health and environmental regulation.
What problems of injustice does global governance create? - Global Governance
Permanent members of security alliances can veto decisions made by international governing bodies such as the UN Security Council - seen in Russia vetoing resolution in support of Ukraine.
What is the UN? What does its charter aim to achieve? - Global Governance
The UN is a body set up in 1945 to promote a fair and peaceful world. The UN’s charter aims to maintain peace and security, develop friendly relations between nations, settle disputes cooperatively.
How does the UN promote growth through global governance? - Global Governance
The UN Millenium Development Goals have reduced the number of people living in poverty. These have led to increased numbers of people in primary schools and reduced child mortality rates. They have also introduced the 2015 and 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.
