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Human Geography > Global gov (3.2.1.2) > Flashcards

Global gov (3.2.1.2) Flashcards

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1
Q

what 4 sections can interdependence be split up into?

A
  • economic
  • political
  • social
  • environmental
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2
Q

how do countries rely on each other economically?

A

economic growth

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3
Q

how do countries rely on each other politically?

A

global issues (climate change, COVID)

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4
Q

how do countries rely on each other socially?

A

migration

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5
Q

how do countries rely on each other environmentally?

A

environment/ global commons

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6
Q

what is a negative of interdependence?

A

can create inequalities between and within countries, flows of people capitol ideas are unequal

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7
Q

what is a strength of interdependence

A

can bring benefits to some people and countries

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8
Q

what is the dependency theory?

A

diagram representing core countries (HICs) and periphery countires (LICs) and the flows between them

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9
Q

what would be the flows from periphery countries to core countries?

A
  • low value raw materials
  • skilled migrants
  • interest paid on loans
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10
Q

what would be the flows from core countries to periphery countries? 3

A
  • loans
  • aid
  • waste
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11
Q

what is global governance?

A

the emergence of norms, rules, laws and institiuations that have regulated global systems

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12
Q

what is the key international organisation?

A

UN

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13
Q

when was the UN created and why?

A

1945 after WW2 to promote growth and stability maintaining international peace

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14
Q

how many countries are in the general assembly of the UN?

A

193

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15
Q

who are part of the security council?

A
  • UK
  • RUSSIA
  • FRACE
  • CHINA
  • USA
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16
Q

what is the security council

A

they ave the power of VETO, so if something is going to get passed through one of these countries can say no and it will stop it

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17
Q

who are the UN peace keeping force ?

A
  • called blue helmets,
  • over 100,000 field personal (80% from lic/nees)
  • aims to promote peace
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18
Q

who are the two UN organs?

A

UNPD

UNICEF

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19
Q

who are the specialised agencies?

A

-FAO
-WHO
-WTO
-IMF
they are part of the un family but interdependent international organisations

20
Q

who are the WB?

A

world bank, importance source of financial and technical assistance to developing countries and its aim is to reduce poverty (185 mem)

21
Q

who are the WTO?

A

world trade organisation- deals global rules of trade between nations and help resolve disputes

22
Q

who are the IMF?

A

The International Monetary Fund who regulates global economy and advices government to develop it also gives loans to support economic development

23
Q

what do the WTO, WB, and IMF all encourage (policy?)

A

neoliberal policies

encourage free trade

24
Q

who are NB saps?

A

structural adjustment programme policies countries must follow in order to qualify for a loan from the IMF/WB.

25
Q

example of NB saps?

A

Bolivia 2000 received a loan and water was privatised in price (doubled) led to national strikes

26
Q

what is the gini index?

A

measures the level of inequality of income distribution within a country, based on Lorenz curve

27
Q

what has globalisation done to global inequality?

A

reduced inequality between countries but increased inequality within countries (rich get richer/ poor get poorer)

28
Q

what are the benefits of unequal flows of people? (2)

A
  • remmitances sent home = development

- less dependancy on aid

29
Q

how are unequal flows of people unequal?(2)

A
  • skilled workers benefit the most from job op

- internal inequalities - ‘rural’ lead to ‘brain drain’

30
Q

how are unequal flows of people injust? (2)

A
  • unfair working conditions (exploitation/ death) (Rana Plaza- Bangladesh)
  • Fifa World Cup in Qatar 1400 died in making the stadiums
31
Q

how can unequal flows of people cause conflict? (1)

A

-workers conflict immigration laws

32
Q

how can unequal flows of money (TNC) bring benefits to countries? (3)

A
  • stability from increased trade
  • trade encourages co-operation
  • £ growth= multiplier effect
33
Q

how can unequal flows of money bring inequality? (1)

A
  • access to markets is uneven= increased internals inequality
34
Q

how can unequal flows of money become unjust? (3)

A
  • low wages in underdeveloped countries (apple)
  • modern slavery/ child labour (Primark)
  • impact farmers
35
Q

how can unequal flows of money bring conflict? (2)

A
  • disputes after tariffs

- deforestation for raw materials= enviro conflict (palm oil-illegal)

36
Q

how can ideas and technology bring benefits to a country? (2)

A
  • internet available globally (supports edu)

- transport/ communication can spread ideas

37
Q

how can ideas and technology bring inequality to a country? (2)

A
  • people cannot afford it

- switched off from globalisation

38
Q

how can ideas and technology bring injustices to a country? (1)

A

-censorship (china limits social globalisation NO FACEBOOK)

39
Q

how can ideas and technology bring conflict to a country? (2)

A
  • ideas are dominated by west views (neoliberal trade)

- privatisation (the transfer of a business, industry, or service from public to private ownership and control.)

40
Q

globalisation creates dependancies that leads to what?

A

issues of inequalities, injustices and conflict

41
Q

how can gloablisation make some countries more powerful? 2

A
  • countries with access to markets + TNCs can control markets and influence global eco
  • climate change- HICs contribute most to emissions but impacts LICs most
42
Q

how do global institutions reinforce unequal power relations?

A

UN, IMF, WB are mostly in HICs and influence decision making such as the security council

43
Q

give an example of unequal power relations?

A

Paris climate agreement (2016) goal to keep emissions below 2 degrees- USA pulled out

44
Q

what are the global, international, national and regional governances?

A
  • global UN
  • international- EU
  • national- UK
  • regional- local authorities
45
Q

where do NGOs operate?

A

at a range of scales

Human Geography (10 decks)

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