Global Gene regulation Flashcards

1
Q

describe E.colis gene pool

A

> 4000 genes
10^7 proteins
1 protein molecule requires 3000 ATP

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2
Q

describe gene pool for pseudomonas

A

> 5000 genes. <450 genes regulate
response to stimuli

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3
Q

helicobacter gene pool description…

A

1500 genes. 18 regulate response adapted to stimuli

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4
Q

match the following
enzyme activity
transcription protein
translation DNA
protein mod RNA

A

DNA->
transcription + RNA
Translation +protein
protein mod + enzyme activity

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5
Q

what is transcriptional control?

A

mRNA stability and promoter efficiency

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6
Q

whats is translational efficiency?

A

ribosome binding site, codon usage,stringent response

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7
Q

what is a key feature of rapid response to the enviroment from mRNA

A

instability

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8
Q

what is a reflection of the intercation between RNA polymerase and the promoter

A

level of mRNA

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9
Q

what does DNA dependant RNA polymerase transcribe

A

DNA to RNA

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10
Q

what does DNA dependant RNA polymerase require

A

-no primer required
-Mg2+ to operate
-initiation equires promoter

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11
Q

what does the structure of E.coli RNA polymerase include?

A

α,β,β’,ω,σ subunits-RNA polymerase halo enzyme
catalytic site,large enzyme

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12
Q

what is the role of E.coli RNA polymerase?

A

binds transiently and directs the enzyme to specific initiation site

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13
Q

what is the reason for having around 1 error every 100 ribonucleases

A

RNA polymerases lack proofreadig 3’->5’ exouclease activity found in DNA polymerase

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14
Q

endospores form due to what encountering stress?

A

Gram-positive bacterium bacillus subtilis

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15
Q

sigma H is present when?

A

low levels of vegatative expoentially growing Bacillus cells-σ43

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16
Q

what triggers sporulation?

A

starvation

17
Q

what happens during sporulation?

A

septum forms near one end of the cell,mother cell engulfs spore, mature spore released.

18
Q

what is produced by an SSR event?

A

sigma k

19
Q

what sigma factor is flagella specific?

A

factor σ2B

20
Q

what position is promoters present at?

A

upstream 5’

21
Q

what does low levels of mRNA mean for promoters?

A

weak promoter and viceversa

22
Q

what is sequence @ -10 element mean?

A

consensus sequence TATAAT

23
Q

what is consensus sequence TTGACA ?

A

sequence @ -35 element

24
Q

which sequence is the pribow box?

A

-10

25
Q

talk about the UP element

A

AT rich sequence, increased transcription 30-90fold

26
Q

supercoiling and bending are active what?

A

DNA conformation

27
Q

what does sigma factors determine?

A

enzyme specificity

28
Q

what group is under control of sigma factors?

A

regulon

29
Q

what is the primary,housekeeping sigma factor?

A

σ70

30
Q

σ54 regulates what genes?

A

heat shock gene

31
Q
A