Global Development Flashcards
Devlopement?
the process where people, a place or a country change
Three forms of food security?
.availability
.access
.consumption
GDP per capita?
Gni
the total value of goods and services produced by a country per year divided by its population
includes overseas
single development
HDI?
composite indicator
life expectancy at birth, expected/mean years of schooling, GNI per capita
0-1
Gini coefficient?
a measure to show to the extent of inequality within a country
high value = unequal income
development gap
the difference in income and quality of life between poorest and richest regions in the world
Why has deindustrialsation occured?
emerging countries can produce goods cheaper than the UK
Causes of global inequality?
-physical environment
landlocked countries cannot trade as easy
tropical countries develop slower than temperate climates due to extreme weather conditions
small island countries have few rescources to help them develop
Political and economical policies?
open econonmy countries have devloped faster than closed economy
stable country that isnt corrupt will develop faster
Neo-colonialism
rich countries can still dominate pooer countries economically- even after they were colonies
hisotry
Social investement?
when a country invests in education and health it will develop faster
less women have children, more money into the economy
Imapacts of uneven devlopment?
.quality of housing
.quality of education- have larger families
.level of healthcare
.technology
.food and water security- cannot invest in rural development- leads to conflict
.employment- primary sector
International aid?
.provision of money/goods to other countries
.reduce development gap
Bilateral aid?
one government sends aid directly to another
Multilateral aid?
.government sends aid to an intenational organisation which then gives it to governments in need
Short term aid examples?
emergency shelter
long term aid examples?
building schools/ healthcare
Emerging countries?
.attracted large FDI from TNCs
fair trade?
A system that makes sure a product, usually from a poorer country gets a fair. price for the product they are selling.
Pros of top down development?
.large scale impacts
.generate huge money
.create alot of jobs
negatives of top down development?
.expensive
.not alot of jobs for local due to machines
.doesnt consider opinions of local communities
bottom up positives?
-NGOs and charities
.individuals at a local level get out of poverty
.less environment damage
.cheap
.more appropriate for locals
bottom up negatives?
.little impact on national economy
.only helps a minority of the population
India core vs periphery?
core-mumbai
periphary-bihar- northern and eastern- more difficult physical environments- e.g desert,mountains
Bollywood?
.made in mumbai
.1000 films a year- double hollywood
mumbai?
7% GDP
40% trade
40% in slums
TNCs?
bank of America
Walt Disney
Bihar?
80% are farmers
.no FDI in capital
.lots of rural-urban migraton- 30% of delhi is form biharis
.most populated over 100million- pressure on healthcare and school
.people unaware of contraception high fertility rate
Adult literacy rate in Bihar?
64% lowest in the country
Sectors in India?
.rapid decrease in Agriculture
.rise in quaternary
.rapid increase in tertiary
.same in manufacturer
positive impacts of increase in tertiary?
overall wealth increase
more employment for women
higher quality of life
better increase in education and healthcare
negative impacts of increase in tertiary?
families separted
machines replace farmers
strain on houses
more inequality
Who does india give aid to?
nepal and afghanistan
FDI in india?
.doubled from 2005-2014
Changes in population India?
.less under 15s in the workforce
.16-65increased
.more elderly
Terretorial disputes in India?
.China over water on the river
.pakistan over region called kashmir
Commonwealth?
.India in the commonwealth- strong relationships
Relations with other countries?
Military pact with Russia- russia supply indian army with missiles
France germany canada- improve relations
Environmental impacts of rapid development in India
p+v
Negative- logging and land clearance
- high co2 emitter
- water pollution
- pollution
positive- potential to invest in renewable energy
economic impacts of rapid development in India
p+v
negative- new infrastructure
- dealing with S+E impacts
positive- rise in consumerism
- larger workforce
- increase in tourism
social impacts of rapid development in India
p+v
negative- poor health
- slums
- women and older people outcast
positive- better access to healthcare, education, jobs and income
Smart cities mission?
100 cities
receive water housing effiecient public transport
Mumbai’s eastern freeway?
16.9km freeway to alleviate traffic issues
Gujarat solar park?
biggest solar farm in the world
600MW of power
save 8m tonnes of co2 every year
National Rural health mission
more high quality and accessible healthcare for rural
Tourism in India?
10 of nations GDP
40 million jobs
10% of employment
India plans?
. national rural health mission
. gujarat solar park
. mumbais eastern freeway
. smart cities mission
