Glenohumeral Joint

Question 1

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 1

a ball and socket synovial joint.

Question 2

What does the glenohumeral joint do?

Answer 2

Permits a wide range of movement; although its mobility makes it unstable.

Question 3

The large spherical _____ articulates with the relatively small and shallow _____ of the scapula.

Answer 3

humeral head; glenoid cavity

Question 4

What is the deepened slightly ring-like, fibrocartilaginous aspect of the glenoid cavity?

Answer 4

glenoid labrum.

Question 5

Both articular surfaces are covered by?

Answer 5

Hyaline cartilage.

Question 6

What makes up the rotator cuff?

Answer 6

1. Supraspinatus
2. Infraspinatus
3. Teres Minor
4. Subscapularis

Question 7

What surrounds the glenohumeral joint, and where does it attach?

Answer 7

a loose fibrous layer of the joint capsule, and it attaches medially to the margin of the glenoid cavity.

Question 8

What is the weakest area of the joint capsule?

Answer 8

The inferior part of the joint capsule, the only part not reinforced by the rotator cuff muscles.

Question 9

What are the ligaments of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 9

1. Coracohumeral ligament
2. Transverse Humeral
3. Coraco-acromial arch
4. Coraco-acromial ligament.

Question 10

What do the glenohumeral ligaments do?

Answer 10

strengthen the anterior aspect of the capsule.

Question 11

What is the coracohumeral ligament

Answer 11

a strong band that passes from the base of the coracoid process to the anterior aspect of the greater tubercle.

Question 12

What does the coracohumeral ligament do?

Answer 12

Strengthens the capsule superiorly.

Question 13

The glenohumeral ligaments are _____ ligaments that are part of what?

Answer 13

intrinsic; part of the fibrous layer of the capsule.

Question 14

What is the Transverse Humeral ligament?

Answer 14

a broad fibrous band that runs from the greater to the lesser tubercle, bridging over the intertubercular sulcus (groove).

Question 15

What does the Transverse Humeral ligament convert the sulcus into?

Answer 15

a canal for the tendon of the long head of biceps brachii and its synovial sheath.

Question 16

What is the Coraco-acromial arch?

Answer 16

An extrinsic, protective structure formed by the smooth inferior aspect of the acromion and coracoid process of the scapula.

Question 17

What does the Coraco-acromial arch lay over?

Answer 17

the head of the humerus.

Question 18

What does the Coraco-acromial arch prevent?

Answer 18

prevents the humerus from displacing superiorly from the glenoid cavity.

Question 19

What fractures first the Coraco-acromial arch or the shaft of humerus or clavical?

Answer 19

the shaft of humerus or clavical before the arch.

Question 20

Where is the Coraco-acromial ligament located?

Answer 20

Between the acromion and coracoid process.

Question 21

What do bursae contain?

Answer 21

Capillary films of synovial fluid.

Question 22

Where are bursae located?

Answer 22

near the joint where tendons rub against bones, ligaments, other tendons, or where skin moves over a bony prominence.

Question 23

What is another name for the subacromial bursa?

Answer 23

subdeltiod bursae

Question 24

What is the subacromial bursa located?

Answer 24

between the acromion, coraco-acromial ligament, and deltiod superiorly and supraspinatus tendon and joint capsule of the glenohumeral joint inferiorly.

Question 25

Where is the subscapular bursa located?

Answer 25

Between the tendon of the subscapularis and the neck of the scapula.

Question 26

What are two types of bursae?

Answer 26

1. Subacromial bursa

2. Subscapular bursa

Question 27

What gives the glenohumeral joint most stable control?

Answer 27

Muscular control.