glass ionomer cement

Question 1

properties

Answer 1

1) self adhesive
2) function
3) esthetics

Question 2

self-adhesive

Answer 2

• ionic bond to tooth
• no adhesive needed
• tolerant of moisture
• bond improves over time
• CTE similar to that of tooth structure

Question 3

function

Answer 3

1) good caries resistant
2) poor wear resistance
3) fluoride release and recharge

Question 4

esthetics

Answer 4

1) opaque
2) poor polish
3) some shade selection
4) esthetics vary with type
5) loss of contour over time

Question 5

uses

Answer 5

1) direct restorative
- endo treatment
- caries control
2) root caries
- high caries risk
- difficult isolation
- many are class V
3) luting cement
- Gold, PFM, zirconia
4) cavity liner
- seals dentinal tubules, indirect pulp cap

Question 6

brand names

Answer 6

1) conventional (GI)
- fuji IX
2) resin modifies (RMGI)
- fuji II LC
-fuji triage (temp restoration)
3) cavity liners
- activa (resin modified)
4) luting cements
- fuji CEM (Resin modified)

Question 7

powder + liquid

Answer 7

1) fluoro-alumino-silicate glass
- SiO2
- Al3+
- Ca2+
- F-
2) mixed with liquid
- polycarboxylic acids will dissolve the superficial layers of powder
- Al3+, Ca2+. and F- pulled into solution
3) Al3+ and Ca2+ form ionic cross links between the carboxylate groups
- polyalkenoate salt
4) unreacted glass inhibits crack formation

Question 8

bonding to tooth structure

Answer 8

1) carboxylate group ionically bond to calcium in hydroxyapatite
2) no polymerization shrinkage
3) low shear bond strength
4) fluoride and water move freely through matrix, exchanging with environment

Question 9

chemically fused layer

Answer 9

1) the layer bonded between enamel and the GI

Question 10

fluoride release

Answer 10

1) rapid, early release from matrix
2) slow, long term release
- does not take part in matrix formation
- does not result in loss of physical properties
- amount of release similar for both conventional and RMGI

Question 11

high early release

Answer 11

1) 1-2 days
2) 50 ug/cm^2/d
3) sustained low levels (1 ug)

Question 12

fluoride reservoirs

Answer 12

1) rechargeable
2) uptake and re-release
- topical fluorides (Naf)
3) only fraction of initial F level

Question 13

chemistry of resin modified GI

Answer 13

1) powder
- its the same fluoro-alumino silicate glass with a catalyst
2) liquid
- polycarboxylic acid
- hydrophilic monomers (HEMA)
- hydrophobic monomers (bis-GMA)
- initiator

Question 14

resin modified GI acid

Answer 14

1) acid base reaction
- slower than conventional GI
- matures over time
- responsible for bond to tooth
2) resin polymerization
- light, chemical, or dual cure
- allows finishing and polish
- some shrinkage

Question 15

know table of comp vs GI vs RMGI

Answer 15

:(

Question 16

contraindications

Answer 16

1) stress bearing areas in permanent teeth
2) class I, II, and IV

Question 17

comparative bonding process

Answer 17

1) GI
- tooth conditioned with 10% poly acrylic acid
- chemical bond (ionic exchange)
2) composite
- 37% phosphoric acid etch
- primer and bonding agents to micromechanically bond enamel and dentin

Question 18

comaprative fluoride release

Answer 18

1) GI
- acid base reaction carries fluoride into tooth
- most in first 2 days
- rechargeable
- chemically fuse layer
- zone of inhibition
2) composite
- no acid base reaction
- no ion exchange
- no fluoride
- hybrid layer

Question 19

preparation

Answer 19

1) pathology driven
- caries, noncarious lesion
2) mechanical retention not needed
3) 90 degree cavosurface

Question 20

surface conditioning

Answer 20

1) polyacrylic acid conditioner
2) removes smear layer for letter ionic bonding to calcium
3) NO phosphoric acid etch (no hybrid layer)
4) surface damp

Question 21

inside a GI capsule

Answer 21

1) glass powder
2) liquid
3) plunger
- click it to break the diaphragm
- mixing is “priming”

Question 22

triturate

Answer 22

1) 10 seconds
2) 8 seconds is better for slower setting

Question 23

capsule applier

Answer 23

1) inert into capsule applier
2) click twice to prime capsule
- second click

Question 24

mixing

Answer 24

1) triturate
2) spatulated or automixing for liner

Question 25

application

Answer 25

1) tip in contact for preparation
2) 2 mm layers of light cured (RMGI)
3) bulk fill for conventional GI

Question 26

matrix use

Answer 26

1) sectional or tofflemire for approximal lesions
2) cervical matrix for root caries (cure thru)

Question 27

shaping

Answer 27

1) removing material, not polishing

Question 28

resin coating

Answer 28

1) isolates GI while setting
2) goes away right away

Question 29

Closed sandwich technique

Answer 29

1) similar to cavity liner
2) convers all prepared dentin surfaces
3) was more common before 6th and 7th generation
4) reduce post operative sensitivity
5) technically diffopicult
6) poor support for composite

Question 30

open sandwich technique

Answer 30

1) gingival margin on root surface sealed with GI or RMGI
2) self-adhesive bond to root surface
3) margin vulnerable to abrasion or erosion
- tends to fall apart

Question 31

fissure sealant

Answer 31

1) with proper isolation
- resin and composite sealants are better retained
2) GI is useful for teeth partially covered by gingiva

Question 32

atraumatic restorative treatment

Answer 32

1) no anesthesia
2) no handpieces
3) no suction
4) no reason in USA

Question 33

what are we using

Answer 33

1) fuji IX
2) temporary restoration
- at the end of clinic session under time pressure
- in case of deep lesions or when in close proximity to the pulp
3) endodontic therapy in between appointments

Question 34

next appointment

Answer 34

1) replaced with a permanent restoration
- sectional or tofflemire
2) IRM (zinc-oxide eugenol) can be used with amalgam
- interferes with resin composite polymerization
3) GI should be used if composite is final restoration
4) margins must be on tooth structure

Question 35

apply GI

Answer 35

1) use tofflemire band
2) apply GI to tooth (bulk fill
3) condense it
4) do not carve it

Question 36

finishing GI

Answer 36

1) #8 round bur
2) composite finishing bur
3) mosquito bur