Glandular Fever

Question 1

What virus usually causes glandular fever?

Answer 1

Glandular fever is usually caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

Question 2

What are other names for glandular fever?

Answer 2

It is also known as infectious mononucleosis, “mono,” or the “kissing disease.”

Question 3

How is glandular fever transmitted?

Answer 3

It is transmitted through direct contact with saliva (e.g., kissing, sharing cutlery), as well as blood and semen (e.g., sexual contact, transfusions).

Question 4

What is the incubation period for glandular fever?

Answer 4

The incubation period is 4 to 7 weeks.

Question 5

When is someone with glandular fever infectious?

Answer 5

They are infectious during the incubation period, while symptomatic, and possibly for months afterward.

Question 6

How long does glandular fever typically last?

Answer 6

Glandular fever is usually self-limiting and lasts 2 to 4 weeks.

Question 7

Does the Epstein-Barr virus remain in the body after recovery?

Answer 7

yes, the virus remains latent in the body and may reactivate later in life.

Question 8

Who is most commonly affected by glandular fever?

Answer 8

Glandular fever is most common in individuals aged 15-24 years and is rare in children under 1 year.

Question 9

which groups are most likely to be asymptomatic ?

Answer 9

many cases are asymptomatic, especially in children and individuals over 40.

Question 10

What are the common symptoms of glandular fever?

Answer 10

Fever, muscle aches, headaches, and malaise with extreme tiredness.

Question 11

What symptoms suggest glandular fever when a sore throat is present?

Answer 11

Severe sore throat with red, swollen tonsils, especially if tonsillitis is severe and lasts longer than expected.

Question 12

What other throat-related symptom may occur with glandular fever?

Answer 12

Swallowing may be painful.

Question 13

What physical sign is commonly found in glandular fever?

Answer 13

Swollen glands, usually in the neck.

Question 14

Can glandular fever cause swelling around the eyes?

Answer 14

Yes, puffy swelling around the eyes may occur.

Question 15

What abdominal symptom may be present in glandular fever?

Answer 15

Mild pain in the abdomen due to an enlarged spleen.

Question 16

What is a common post-viral complication of glandular fever?

Answer 16

Malaise (post-viral fatigue) is a common complication.

Question 17

How can glandular fever affect the spleen?

Answer 17

The spleen may become enlarged, so contact sports should be avoided for 8 weeks after having glandular fever.

Question 18

What liver-related complication can occur with glandular fever and what are the symptoms ?

Answer 18

Mild hepatitis, which can cause jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), dark urine, and abdominal pain.

Question 19

What are some potential neurological complications of glandular fever?

Answer 19

CNS complications can include Guillain-Barre syndrome and Bell’s palsy.

Question 20

What symptoms of glandular fever are considered red flags for referral?

Answer 20

Red-flag symptoms include severe complications such as jaundice, neurological issues, or other serious symptoms that require referral.

Question 21

Is there a cure for glandular fever?

Answer 21

No, glandular fever is self-limiting and symptomatic, with no cure.

Question 22

What should you do if you suspect glandular fever?

Answer 22

Contact your GP for testing to confirm Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection.

Question 23

How is glandular fever managed when symptoms are mild?

Answer 23

If symptoms are mild, no specific treatment is required.

Question 24

How can fever and aches be managed in glandular fever?

Answer 24

Use paracetamol or ibuprofen to manage fever and aches.

Question 25

How can you avoid spreading glandular fever?

Answer 25

Wash hands often with soap and warm water, wash bedding/clothing contaminated with saliva, do not share cutlery, cups, towels, clothes, or bedding, and avoid kissing.

Question 26

What other practical measures should be followed when managing glandular fever to help recovery?

Answer 26

Stay hydrated, rest, avoid alcohol until recovery (due to liver effects), and keep away from school/work until feeling better. Avoid contact with immunocompromised individuals, pregnant people, and infants.