Glandular Fever Flashcards
What virus usually causes glandular fever?
Glandular fever is usually caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
What are other names for glandular fever?
It is also known as infectious mononucleosis, “mono,” or the “kissing disease.”
How is glandular fever transmitted?
It is transmitted through direct contact with saliva (e.g., kissing, sharing cutlery), as well as blood and semen (e.g., sexual contact, transfusions).
What is the incubation period for glandular fever?
The incubation period is 4 to 7 weeks.
When is someone with glandular fever infectious?
They are infectious during the incubation period, while symptomatic, and possibly for months afterward.
How long does glandular fever typically last?
Glandular fever is usually self-limiting and lasts 2 to 4 weeks.
Does the Epstein-Barr virus remain in the body after recovery?
yes, the virus remains latent in the body and may reactivate later in life.
Who is most commonly affected by glandular fever?
Glandular fever is most common in individuals aged 15-24 years and is rare in children under 1 year.
which groups are most likely to be asymptomatic ?
many cases are asymptomatic, especially in children and individuals over 40.
What are the common symptoms of glandular fever?
Fever, muscle aches, headaches, and malaise with extreme tiredness.
What symptoms suggest glandular fever when a sore throat is present?
Severe sore throat with red, swollen tonsils, especially if tonsillitis is severe and lasts longer than expected.
What other throat-related symptom may occur with glandular fever?
Swallowing may be painful.
What physical sign is commonly found in glandular fever?
Swollen glands, usually in the neck.
Can glandular fever cause swelling around the eyes?
Yes, puffy swelling around the eyes may occur.
What abdominal symptom may be present in glandular fever?
Mild pain in the abdomen due to an enlarged spleen.
What is a common post-viral complication of glandular fever?
Malaise (post-viral fatigue) is a common complication.
How can glandular fever affect the spleen?
The spleen may become enlarged, so contact sports should be avoided for 8 weeks after having glandular fever.
What liver-related complication can occur with glandular fever and what are the symptoms ?
Mild hepatitis, which can cause jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), dark urine, and abdominal pain.
What are some potential neurological complications of glandular fever?
CNS complications can include Guillain-Barre syndrome and Bell’s palsy.
What symptoms of glandular fever are considered red flags for referral?
Red-flag symptoms include severe complications such as jaundice, neurological issues, or other serious symptoms that require referral.
Is there a cure for glandular fever?
No, glandular fever is self-limiting and symptomatic, with no cure.
What should you do if you suspect glandular fever?
Contact your GP for testing to confirm Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection.
How is glandular fever managed when symptoms are mild?
If symptoms are mild, no specific treatment is required.
How can fever and aches be managed in glandular fever?
Use paracetamol or ibuprofen to manage fever and aches.
How can you avoid spreading glandular fever?
Wash hands often with soap and warm water, wash bedding/clothing contaminated with saliva, do not share cutlery, cups, towels, clothes, or bedding, and avoid kissing.
What other practical measures should be followed when managing glandular fever to help recovery?
Stay hydrated, rest, avoid alcohol until recovery (due to liver effects), and keep away from school/work until feeling better. Avoid contact with immunocompromised individuals, pregnant people, and infants.
