Glands and Membranes (Ch. 5) Flashcards
1
Q
The functions of body membranes
A
- Line or cover body surfaces
- Protect body surfaces
- Lubricate body surfaces
2
Q
- Made of of simple squamous epithelium and a thin layer of areolar tissue
- Line cavities that do NOT open to the exterior
- Do NOT contain glands
- Produce fluid to reduce friction
A
Serous membranes
3
Q
- Made up of epithelial cells and a thick layer of areolar tissue
- Line cavities that open to the exterior (e.g. nasal cavity)
- May contain cells that produce a sticky, viscous fluid
A
Mucous membranes
4
Q
- Poke out of the top of cells such as the columnar epithelial cells in the nose and create a “wave” motion to move mucous along
- Pushes debris and pollution caught in mucous towards the outside of the body to get rid of it
A
Cilia
5
Q
- Made up of modified connective tissue
- Line freely moving joints (e.g. knee)
- Secrete a rich slippery fluid
A
Synovial membranes
6
Q
- Secretory organs
- Made up of epithelial tissue supported by different types of connective tissue
- May be either endocrine or exocrine
A
Glands
7
Q
- Types of glands that secrete their products directly into the blood stream (“ductless”)
- Not connected to the epithelium
- E.g. testes or pituitary glands
A
Endocrine glands
8
Q
- Glands that remain in open contact with the epithelium
- Have their own “ducts”
A
Exocrine glands
9
Q
Made up of a single cell
A
Unicellular
10
Q
Made up of many cells
A
Multicellular
11
Q
Ducts with no branches or few branches
A
Simple ducts
12
Q
Ducts with many branches
A
Compound ducts
13
Q
Classification for the secretory portion of a duct that is the same width throughout
A
Tubules (tubular)
14
Q
Classification for the secretory portion of a duct that is made up of a bulbous cluster of cells, yet the hollow area is no wider than that of a tubule
A
Acini (acinar)
15
Q
Classification for the secretory portion of a duct made up of a rounded cluster of cells surrounding a hollow bulb
A
Alveoli (alveolar)
16
Q
- Glands that produce vesicles containing product to be actively transported out of the cell
- No cellular material is lost with the secretion
- E.g. sweat glands
A
Merocrine glands
17
Q
- Glands that store up a product until they have a “full batch”
- Pinch off a small chunk of the cell containing the secretion to release it
- E.g. mammary glands
A
Apocrine glands
18
Q
- Glands that secrete an entire dead cell along with their product
- The secretory cell dies, and pieces of the dead cell become a part of the secretion
- E.g. sebaceous glands (greasy hair glands)
A
Holocrine glands
