Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography > Glaciation > Flashcards

Glaciation Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

Neve

A

Granular snow consisting of low density ice crystals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sensible Heat

A

The amount of heat energy that occurs when an object is heated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sublimation

A

The transition of ice to water vapour without the liquid stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Accumulation

A

The natural addition of snow or ice to a glacier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Ablation

A

The natural removal of snow or ice from a glacier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Accumulation Zone

A

The area of net gain in a glacier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ablation Zone

A

The area of net loss in a glacier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Paleoclimatic

A

Climatic conditions in the geological past reconstructed from data sources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pleistocene Era

A

The first Epoch of the Quaternary Period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Altitude

A

The height of land in relation to sea level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Latitude

A

The distance North or South of the equator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Permafrost

A

Areas of permanently frozen ground

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Thermohaline System

A

Part of the ocean circulation caused by different water densities due to salinity and temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ice Lenses

A

Formed when moisture, diffused with soil or rock accumulates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Soil

A

Any loose material at the surface of the Earth capable of supporting life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cryohydration

A

Individual particles in the soil are split as a result of the freezing and contracting of water on the surface of the mineral particle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Glacial Period

A

A time period when ice masses develop and advance to lower altitudes, characterised by a sustained decline in temperature and the formation of continental ice sheets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Interglacial Period

A

A time period when ice cover retreats to the polar regions (current Period)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Crevasses

A

A deep fissure or fracture in the glacier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Basal Sliding

A

Large scale movement of ice as a result of subglacial meltwater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pressure Melting Point

A

The temperature at which ice under pressure melts (can be below freezing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Seracs

A

Streep faults in the surface of the glacier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Extensional Flow

A

Ice is moving faster at the front resulting in crevasses

24
Q

Compressional Flow

A

Ice is moving slower at the front resulting in a build up of ice

25
Q

Rock Flour

A

Very fine rock particles caused when rocks are ground down by glacial erosion

26
Q

Abrasion

A

Rubbing together of rocks

27
Q

Striations

A

Caused by large rocks cutting grooves in bed rock

28
Q

Scree

A

A mass of small loose stones covering a slope

29
Q

Tarn

A

A small mountain lake

30
Q

Nivation

A

The erosion of the ground and sides of a hollow as a result of continued freeze-thaw

31
Q

Bergschrund

A

A crevasse at the top of the glacier between the back wall of the corrie and the glacier

32
Q

Moraine

A

Rocks and sediments carried and then deposited by a glacier

33
Q

Supraglacial

A

On the surface of a glacier

34
Q

Englacial

A

Inside the glacier

35
Q

Subglacial

A

Underneath the glacier

36
Q

Sandur

A

A glacial meltwater outwash plain

37
Q

Active Layer

A

The surface layer above permafrost that thaws seasonally in periglacial environments.

38
Q

Blockfield

A

A surface covered in shattered, frost weathered angular rock debris.

39
Q

Cold Based Glacier

A

A glacier whose base temperature is such that glacial ice is frozen to the bedrock all year
round.

40
Q

Esker

A

A ridge of material generally running in the direction of ice and formed by fluvioglacial
deposition.

41
Q

Frost Action

A

The weathering and disintegration of rock caused by repeated fluctuation of temperature
around freezing point.

42
Q

Glacial Budget

A

The balance between the material inputs and outputs of a glacier.

43
Q

Ice Wedge

A

A narrow, vertical mass of ice that penetrates cracks in the ground from the surface
downwards and progressively enlarges them.

44
Q

Internal Deformation

A

Small scale deformation of ice crystals caused by gravity and the pressure of surrounding ice
causing them to slide over each other in a series of parallel planes with an overall downslope
component.

45
Q

Kame

A

A steep-sided mound on the floor of glaciated landscapes formed by fluvioglacial deposition.

46
Q

Lobe

A

A semi-circular build-up of soil present on hillslopes in periglacial environments.

47
Q

Outwash Plain

A

An extensive, gently sloping area of deposited materials formed in front of a glacier.

48
Q

Patterned Ground

A

Distinctive patterns of surface material found in periglacial areas and mainly formed by frost
action.

49
Q

Periglacial

A

Concerning areas processes and landforms adjacent to an icesheet or glacier.

50
Q

Pingo

A

A dome-shaped mound formed by the freezing of subsurface water covered by a layer of soil.

51
Q

Roche Moutonnee

A

An outcrop of rock shaped by glacial erosion, with the upslope side being steep and irregular
in form contrasting with the downslope side being relatively smooth and gently sloping.

52
Q

Solifluction

A

Movement in summer months of thawed wet soil down gentle slopes under which frozen
subsoil acts as a barrier preventing percolation and thus lubricating the overlying soil.

53
Q

Thermokarst

A

A periglacial landscape consisting of hollows, ponds and hummocks caused by local melting of
the permafrost.

54
Q

Warm Based Glacier

A

A glacier where the base temperature fluctuates above melting point during summer months,
allowing liquid water to lubricate glacial movement

55
Q

Weathering

A

Sub-aerial processes leading to the disintegration and decomposition of rock and thus
influencing the nature of landforms and the character of the landscape.

Geography (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions