Glaciated landscapes face varying degrees of threat from natural and human activity

Question 1

Avalanches

Natural threat

Answer 1

Stress exceeds strength of a mass of snow.

Can be predicted BUT
Killing 200 per year e.g. Alps

Question 2

Glacial outburst flood

Natural threat

Answer 2

Powerful flood caused by discharge of dammed lake when meltwater collected behind ice.

Threat the life and property in Iceland.

Question 3

Tourism

Human threat

Answer 3

Zermatt, Swiss 2 million visitors annually.

Huge demand for energy and water.

Increased noise and vehicle emissions and expansions of resorts.

Question 4

Reservoir construction

Human threat

Answer 4

2% all of earths water.

2 billion people depend on ice fed rivers.

Requires intense, heavy machinery and clearing of land, effecting biodiversity.

Question 5

Urbanization

Urban threat

Answer 5

Relict - agricultural purposes
Active - resource exploitation e.g. whaling, mining and fishing

Pollution and toxic waste

Conflicts between native and outsiders - regular contact with outsiders has reduced survival of traditional culture groups e.g. Greenland.