GIT System Flashcards

0
Q

Aluminii hydroxidum/ magnesii hydroxidum

A

A. Anti acids
B. are buffers that acts locally in the stomach by reacting with H to increase pH = neutralisation
C. Dyspepsia (indigestion)

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1
Q

Tinctura absinthii

A

A. Appetite stimulator
B. increase the appetite
C. Loss of appetite

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2
Q

Omeprazolum

A

A. Proton pump inhibitor
B. inhibits proton pump located on the parietal cells in stomach - decrease secretion of HCl
C. Dyspepsia with GER, peptic ulcer

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3
Q

Ranitidine

A

A. H2 R antagonist
B. inhibits binding of histamine to
H2 R- decrease of cAMP - decrease secretion H (gastric acid)
C. GERD, dyspepsia

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4
Q

Sucralfatum

A

A. Mucous membrane protective agent (weak anti acid)
B. binds to mucous membrane and acts as a barrier to acid, pepsin, bike
C. Peptic ulcers

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5
Q

Dimenhydrinate

A

A. Antihistamine H1-R blocker (antiemetic drug)
B. blocks H1- R and probably also muscarinic R in the nerves connecting vestibular organ with the vomiting center in the brain
C. Motion induced nausea, vomiting in pregnancy

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6
Q

Aprepitantum

A

A. Neurokinin 1 antagonist (antiemetic drug)
B. blocks signals of NK-R - prevents vomiting
C. Chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting, postoperative vomiting and nausea

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7
Q

Ondansetrone

A

A. Serotonin 5HT3 - R antagonist
B. blocks 5HT3 R in both brainstem and nerve endings leading to a decreased release of serotonin (serotonin activates vomiting reflex)
C. Chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting

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8
Q

Metoclopramidum

A

A.antiemetic agent (dopamine 2R antagonist)
B. Inhibit gastric SM relaxation produced by dopamine
C. GERD, nausea and vomiting

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9
Q

Sodium ursodexycholic

A

A. Choletropic agent (secondary bile acids)
B. regulates cholesterol by - decreasing uptake of cholesterol from intestines
C. Used to treat cholesterol stones non surgically

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10
Q

Drotaverinum

A

A. Antispasmotic drug
B. selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4. Has analgesic effect (painkiller)
C. Used in treatment of renal cholic
Pain caused by smooth muscle spasm

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11
Q

Bisacodylum

A

A. Intestine irritating laxantia
B. stimulate nerve endings in the gut - leading to increased peristaltics
C.constipation

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12
Q

Extr. Folium Sennae

A

A. Intestine irritating laxantia
B. stimulate nerve endings in the gut - leading to increased peristaltics
C. Constipation

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13
Q

Macrogolum

A

A. Osmotically acting laxantia
B. synthetical disaccharide - working by attracting water in the intestine
C. Constipation, bowel cleaning before surgery and medical examination

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14
Q

Lactulsosum

A

A. Osmotically acting laxantia
B. synthetical disaccharide - working by attracting water in the intestine
C. Constipation, bowel cleaning before surgery and medical examination

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15
Q

Loperamidum

A

A. Opioid
B. activated opioid at in the enteric nervous system - leading to decrease secretion if Ach and prostaglandins - decrease intestinal motility (inhibit peristaltic activity)
C. Diarrhoea

16
Q

Pancreatinum

A

A. Replacement therapy (pancreatic enzymes)
B. break down starch and proteins in the intestines
C. Pancreatic insufficieny

17
Q

Alosetronun

A

A. 5HT 3 - R anatagonist
B. binds to 5HT3- R of enteric nervous system - slows down motility of the intestines (prevent diarrhoea and abdominal discomfort in IBS)
C. IBS

18
Q

Mesalanium

A

A. Amino salicylate
B. inhibit cox - decrease prostaglandins synthesis - decrease inflammation
C. IBS, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis

19
Q

Simeticonun

A

A. Anti foaming agent
B. increase rate of which gases exit the body
C. Bloating, discomfort or pain due to increased amount of gases

20
Q

Orlistatum

A

A. Energy uptake inhibitor
B. binds to lipase and inhibit it- inhibit fat uptake which is excreted through feces
C. Overweight