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GIT > GIT Neuro > Flashcards

GIT Neuro Flashcards

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1
Q

Which part of the spinal cord are sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibres innervating the GIT located?

A

Lateral horn (grey matter)

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2
Q

Which parts of the GIT are supplied by the Vagus nerve?

A

Fore and mid gut (until proximal 2/3 of transverse colon)

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3
Q

Which parts of the GIT are supplied by the pelvic splanchnic nerve?

A

Proximal 2/3 of transverse colon onwards

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4
Q

The internal anal sphincter is under (autonomic/somatic) control and is innervated by the _________________________.

A

Autonomic: Pelvic Splanchnic nerve (Parasympathetic)

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5
Q

The external anal sphincter is under (autonomic/somatic) control and is innervated by the _________________________.

A

Somatic: Pudendal nerve

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6
Q

What are 2 types of interconnected tubular neuronal systems in the enteric nervous system?

A

1) Myenteric (Auerbach’s) plexus
2) Submucous (Meissner’s) plexus

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7
Q

What are 5 sympathetic effects on the GIT?

A

1) ↑salivation
2) ↑activity of stomach/intestines
3) ↑activity of pancreas
4) ↑stimulate gall bladder
5) ↓glucose release

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8
Q

What are 6 parasympathetic effects on the GIT?

A

1) ↓salivation
2) ↓activity of stomach/intestines
3) ↓activity of pancreas
4) ↓inhibit gall bladder
5) ↓glucose release
6) ↑adrenaline/NE from adrenal gland

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9
Q

What are the parasympathetic effects of cholinoceptors on effector organs?

A

M1: Stomach
- ↑Stomach acid secretion via Enterochromaffin-like cells

M2: Gallbladder, GIT
- Gall bladder contraction
- GIT: inhibit smooth muscle relaxation

M3: Salivary glands, GIT
- ↑Saliva production
- ↑GI motility and secretion

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10
Q

Where are the cell bodies of preganglionic sympathetic neurons innervating the GIT?

A

Lateral horn (Intermedio-Lateral Nucleus) (T1-L2)

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11
Q

Where are the cell bodies of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons innervating the GIT?

A

C3,7,9,10: brainstem nuclei
S2-4: Lateral horn

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12
Q

Where are the cell bodies of postganglionic parasympathetic neurons innervating the GIT?

A

Postganglionic Ganglia

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13
Q

Where are the cell bodies of postganglionic sympathetic neurons innervating the GIT?

A

Paravertebral ganglia
Pre-vertebral ganglia (eg. celiac plexus, superior mesenteric ganglia)

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14
Q

What is a autonomic nerve plexus?

A

Network of sympathetic and parasympathetic (with occasional ganglia) which transmit visceromotor and viscerosensory fibers to and from viscera.

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15
Q

Which nerve(s) supply derivates of the foregut?

A

Greater splanchnic nerve (T5-T9)

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16
Q

Which nerve(s) supply derivates of the midgut?

A

Lesser splanchnic nerve (T10-11)

17
Q

Which nerve(s) supply derivates of the hindgut?

A

Least splanchnic nerve (T12)

18
Q

What are 6 types of splanchnic nerves?

A

1-3) Thoracic: Greater, lesser, least splanchnic nerve
2) Lumbar splanchnic nerve
3) Sacral splanchnic nerve
4) Pelvic splanchnic nerve

19
Q

Which of the splanchnic nerves carry sympathetic fibres?

A

1-3) Thoracic: Greater, lesser, least splanchnic nerve
4) Lumbar splanchnic nerve
5) Sacral splanchnic nerve

20
Q

Which of the splanchnic nerves carry parasympathetic fibres?

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerve

21
Q

In which layer of the intestinal wall are myenteric plexus located?

A

Muscularis (between circular and longitudinal)

22
Q

In which layer of the intestinal wall are submucous plexus located?

A

Submucosa

23
Q

Sensory afferent nerve fibres for visceral reflexes in the GIT follow _________________ and have ganglion ________________.

A

Visceral reflex:
Fibres: follow parasympathetic nerves
Ganglion: Inferior Vagal Ganglion

24
Q

Sensory afferent nerve fibres for visceral pain in the GIT follow _________________ and have ganglion ________________.

A

Visceral pain:
Fibres: follow sympathetic nerves
Ganglion: Dorsal root ganglia

GIT (14 decks)

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