GIT-Anterior Abdominal Wall & Inguinal Region Flashcards
Where can the gallbladder be palpated?
Around the tip of the right 9th costal cartilage
Abdomen is bounded superiorly by ____ and inferiorly by the _____
Abdomen can be divided into 4 quadrants (Transumbilical plane and median plane)
Abdomen is bounded superiorly by cartilages of 7th to 10th ribs and inferiorly by the inguinal ligament and pelvis.
What are some organs found in the Right Upper Quadrant?
Liver
Diaphragm
Gallbladder
What are some organs found in the Left Upper Quadrant?
Spleen
Stomach
What can be found at the Right Lower Quadrant?
Anterior superior iliac spine
Appendix
Inguainal ligament
What can be found at the Left Lower Quadrant?
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Abdomen has 9 regions:
Subcostal plane- Cuts through the ____ border of the ____ and body of the ____ vertebra
Intertubular plane- Lies between ____ tubercles and ____ vertebra
2 ____ plane- Pass from the ____ of the clavicles to ____ points
Subcostal plane- Cuts through the inferior border of the 10th costal cartilage and body of the L3 vertebra
Intertubular plane- Lies between iliac tubercles and L5 vertebra
2 midclavicular plane- Pass from the midpoint of the clavicles to mid-inguinal points
What plane cuts through the pylorus of the stomach, the tip of the 9th costal cartilage and the lower border of the L1 vertebra?
Transpyloric plane
There are 2 Linea Semilunaris which pass along the ____ border of the ____ and cross the costal margin at the tip of the ____ costal cartilage
There are 2 Linea Semilunaris which pass along the lateral border of the rectus abdominis and cross the costal margin at the tip of the 9th costal cartilage
The Linea Alba passes in the ____ line to the symphysis pubis. It is formed by the fusion of the ____ of both sides.
The Linea Alba passes in the median line to the symphysis pubis. It is formed by the fusion of the rectus sheath of both sides.
What makes up the amdominal wall fascia?
Skin
Subcutaneous tissue
- Superficial fascia
o Superficial fatty layer
o Deep Membranous layer
- Investing Deep fascia
Muscles and their aponeurosis
Deep fascia
Extraperitoneal fat
Parietal peritoneum
Which layer of the superficial fascia is continuous with the superficial fat of the rest of the body?
Superfiicial fatty layer
Which layer of the superficial fascia blends with the deep fascia of the upper tigh, the penis and scotum and into perineum as Colles’ fascia
Deep membranous layer
What arbitrarily seprates the abdominal from the pelvic cavity?
Note that abdominal and pelvic cavities are continuous
Pelvic Inlet (Pelvic Brim)
What are the muscles of the anterior wall?
Paired vertical rectus abdominis muscles within rectus sheath
What are the muscles of the lateral wall? (Most superficial to least)
External Oblique
Internal Oblique
Transverses Abdominis
What are the muscles of the posterior wall?
Post vertebral muscles - erector spinae group
Psoas major
Quandratus lamborum
Iliacus muscles
The three flat muscle fibres (EOM, IOM and Transversus Abdominis) continus anteriorly as ____ and contributes to the ____
The three flat muscle fibres (EOM, IOM and Transversus Abdominis) continus anteriorly as aponeuretic sheets and contributes to the rectus sheath
External oblique muscle and aponeurosis forms ____ in the aponeurosis (a hole in the External Oblique Aponeurosis), immediately above and lateral to ______.
The lower aponeurotic edge is rolled ____ and forms the ____, stretches between the ASIS to pubic tubercle.
External oblique muscle and aponeurosis forms superficial inguinal ring in the aponeurosis (a hole in the External Oblique Aponeurosis), immediately above and lateral to
pubic tubercle
The lower aponeurotic edge is rolled inwards and forms the inguinal ligament, stretches between the ASIS to pubic tubercle.
External oblique muscle fibres are directed ____ and ____
Downward and Forward
Internal oblique muscles are directed ____ and _____
Downward and backward
Lowest fibres of internal oblique and transverse abdominis join to form the ____?
Conjont tendon
Transverse abdominis muscle fibres are directed ____
Horizontally
Where does the neurovascular plane lie between?
Between the Internal oblique and Transversus abdominis
Does rectus abdominis recieve segmental nerve supply?
Yes, T7 to T12
(Part 1) What is the rectus sheath formed by?
Aponeurises of external, internal oblique and transversus abdominis
(Part 2) What is the midline where rectus sheaths meet called?
Linea Alba