GIT Flashcards
2 view by uss to appendix
Describe normal appendix
Longitudinal view
Axial view
Homogenous non inflammed fat
Thin walled
Normal lumen
Acute appendicitis
Uss
Longitudinal view
Axial view
Longitudinal view : enlarged appendix , thick walled with hyperechoic thick fat
** check for stone
Hyperechoic mass with posterior acoustic shaddow “ calcified fecolith “
Axial view
“ Target sign “.
Simple liver cyst on CT
Describe :
CT abdomen axial with IV contrast
Non enhanced well defined density of cystic mass of the liver
Liver abscess
Uss :
CT:
Well defined hypoechoic mass with posterior acoustic enhancement & small bubbles
Single non enhanced hypodense hepatic mass with double target sign
Or - Single non enhanced hypodense mass with thick irregular wall
CT axial abdomen with IV contrast
Multiple hypodense hepatic mass with cluster sign
Dx :
No cluster sign : Dx = multiple simple liver cysts
Multiple liver abscesses
Multiple non communicating well defined anechoic masses
In liver by uss
Dx :
By CT describe :
Multiple simple hepatic cysts
CT abdomen axial with IV contrast
Multiple non enhanced hypodense density of cystic masses in the liver
Liver metastasis by CT
Describe :
Multiple nonenhanced hypodense masses with irregular hepatic margin
Metastasis of liver
Uss describe :
Dx : single metastasis usually from ……..
Bull’s eye or target sign
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Ddxof multiple non enhanced lesions :
- cluster sign “ multiple abscesses” + fever
- multiple simple cysts ( well defined , same density with bile )
- liver metastasis “ irregular hepatic margin”
Single anechoic hepatic lesion germinal membrane
Sx :
Hepatic hydatid cyst
Hydatid cyst
- 76 % in
-………. is the second most common
In liver
Lung
Single anechoic hepatic mass with lobulated daughters
Dx :
Hepatic Hydatid cyst
Hepatic hydatid cyst
CT
Describe :
CT axial abdomen with IV contrast single large non enhanced hypodense mass with calcified wall & contains daughters“”!!!
CT abdomen axial with IV contrast
Single mass with peripheral nodular enhancement in the RT lobe of the liver
Dx :
If start to be centrally enhanced & dot at periphery ; this phenomena called :
Hepatic hemangioma
Iris phenomena
Focal nodular hyperplasia
Modality
Describe
MRI T2 axial abdomen with oral contrast
MRI T1 axial abdomen with IV contrast
Well defined mass in RT lobe of the liver with Central scar
Liver cancer
modality :
Describe:
CT axial abdomen with IV contrast
Single large hepatic mass with mixed densities
Fatty liver
CT describe:
CT axial abdomen with oral contrast “ no IV contrast “
Enlarged liver , “ part of liver has “ density of fat , enhanced vessels without contrast
CT abdomen axial with IV contrast
Shrinked liver , spleenomegally, ascites , dilated serpiginous abdominal veins
Dx :
Liver cirrhoisis with abdominal varices
Acute pancreatitis on CT
Mention the sign :
Uss :
Fat strand sign
Description : pancreatic swelling with fat strand
pancreatic swelling with peripancreatic fluid collection
Colon cut off sign seen in :
Acute pancreatitis
Dilated stomach & transverse colon
“ Plain film X ray , child with mumps” = but it is not best modality
Calcified leaking abdominal aortic aneurysm
CT scan
Describe :
CT abdomen axial with IV contrast
Filling defect “ thrombus “ , leaking , calcification
Sign in gall bladder stone :
Posterior acoustic shadow
Uss
Gall bladder stone
Describe :
Hyperechoic stone with posterior acoustic shadow with normal gall bladder wall !!!!
Gallbladder uss
Hyperechoic stone with posterior acoustic shadow & thick gall bladder wall.
Dx :
Acute calcular cholecystitis
Empyema by uss you can see …… sign
Fluid fluid sign
Uss
Multiple hyperechoic stones with post acoustic shadow , thick wall , empyema & fluid fluid level “ sign”
Dx: acute calcular cholecystitis
Gall stones
90% :
10% :
90% : radiolucent appear only on USS
10% : radiopaque appear on X ray
Radiological features of crohns disease
Skip lesions
Fissuring ulcers & muscosal thickening
Assymetrical loss of mucosa
Seperation of bowel loop from each other & contraction of the cecum
