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Basic dental care yr 2 > Gingival and periodontal health in children > Flashcards

Gingival and periodontal health in children Flashcards

1
Q

children with teeth with the condition of amelogensis imperfecta

A

sensitive teeth
rough/little enamel
hard to brush teeth therefore calculus builds

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2
Q

consqeunes of children fed by a gastrostomy tube

A

may not have a swallow reflex
not generating as much saliva as they are not eating
therefore can develop extensive calculus

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3
Q

which side is gngitivus less prevalent in

A

LHS compared to RHS

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4
Q

periodontal screeing for children under 18 years

A 
Code 0 ¬ healthy
Code 1 ¬ bleeding on gentle probing
Code 2 ¬ calculus present and/or plaque retention factors
Code 3 ¬ 4-5mm pocket
Code 4 ¬ 6mm or more pocket
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5
Q

what is Code *

A

furcation

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6
Q

what are the codes used in those 7-11 years

A

0-2

may be false pocketing as the teeth erupt

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7
Q

codes used in those 12-17 years

A

0-4

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8
Q

gingival disorders in children

A

chronic gingivitis
gingival hyperplasia
traumatic lesions
acute gingivitis

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9
Q

chronic gingivitus

A

common
plaque indced
reversible with improved OH

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10
Q

symptoms of chronic gingivitus

A 
painless 
red
swelling of gingiva
no loss of function
gums bleeding due to not brushing enoug
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11
Q

what is the bacteria flora in chronic gingitus in childre

A

flora similar to those in adults
gram+ rods and cocci
gram - anaerobic rods and spirochetes

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12
Q

what can make chronic gingivitis worse

A

exfoliating teeth
malocclusion
presence of orthodontic applicances

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13
Q

challenged to toothbrushing

A

reteroclined teeth in cleft like and palate patients
abnormalities of tooth morphology
orthodontic applicances
sensitive teeth - amelogenesis imperfect
learning disabilites
physical disabilities e.g. cerebral palsy

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14
Q

what is another name for localised gingival recession

A

stilmans cleft

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15
Q

localised gingival recession

A

usually labial to lower incisors

associated with misaligned teeth, self inflicted injury, tooth brushing habits

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16
Q

what is gingival hyperplasia

A

gingival overgrowth

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17
Q

what drugs can induce gingival hyperplastia (i.e. drug induced)

A

Pheytoin
cyclosporin
nifedepine

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18
Q

pheytoin

A

anti epileptic

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19
Q

cyclosporin

A

immunosuppressant
inhibits T lymphocyte proliferation
effects of fibroblasts promoting protein synthesis and collagen formation

20
Q

nifedepine

A

calcium channel blocker

21
Q

what is cylcosporin used for

A
  • used mainly to prevent graft rejection
22
Q

gingival hyperplasia as a systemic disease

A

sarcoid

cyclic neutropenia

23
Q

sarcoid gingival hyperplasa

A

tubrercular cells laid down

interdental papilla overgrown

24
Q

cyclic neutropenai

A

can be inherited
very immunocomprised
leads to gingival overgrowht

25
Q

types of traumatic gingival injury (self inflicted injury)

A

type A
B
C

26
Q

what is type A traumatic gingival injury

A

injuries are superimposed upon a pre existing source of irritation e.g. exfoliating tooth

27
Q

type B traumatic gingival injury

A

injuries are secondary to another established habit e.g. biting nails

28
Q

Type C traumatic gingival injury

A

injuries are complex aetiology and are a physical manifestation of underlying emotions disturbance
resistance to conventional treatment

29
Q

acute gingival conditions and infections

A

1) Acute herpetic gingivostomatitis
2) Necrotising ulcerative gingivitis
3) hand foot and mouth
4) Herpengina

30
Q

acute herpetic gingivostomatitis

A

HSV type I infection
can present as subclinical infection i.e. under the weather
5-7 incubation period before symtoms

31
Q

sign/symtoms of AHGS

A 
high temperature (pyrexia)
lymphadenopathy 
malaise and irritability 
profuse salivation
refusal to eat
sore throat and mouth
symtoms for 7-10days
32
Q

clinical features of acute herpetic gingivostomatic (AHGS)

A 
small irregualr ulcers on gingiva tongue and palate
erthyematous gingiva
occasional extraoral lesions 
salivation
lympathdenopathy
33
Q

what can acute herpetic gingivasomatis recurre as

A

herpes labialise in 30%

34
Q

management of AHGS

A

fluids and soft diet(don’t get dehydrated)
analgesics and antipyrexics
isolation of drinking and eating materials
OH improvement- chlorhexidine and sponges, soft toothbrish
not acylovir (antivirals)unless immunocompromised

35
Q

necrotiising ulcerative gingivitis and periodontiss

A

necrosis and ulceration (interdental papilla bleed profusely, distinctive hallitosis)
broad anarobic infection
treatment wit OH, hydrogen peroxide mouthwash, metronidazole 3 day

36
Q

cancrum orbis

A

starts in the mouth

can necrosis soft tissues too

37
Q

systemic conditions that may present with gingival changes e.g. bleeding, ulceration

A 
HIV
chrons disease
leukaemia
langerhans cell histocytosis 
scurvy
38
Q

langerhams cell histocytosis

A

aggressive
proliferation of histocytes
multisystem condition

39
Q

periodontal disease subheadings

A

aggressive periodontitis
chronic periodontits
with systemic disease/gentic conditions

40
Q

clinical features of aggressive PD disease in children

A

tooth mobility/drifiting
periodontal abcess
rapid periodontal attatchnt loss
healthy apart from periodontis

41
Q

bacteria common in aggressive PD

A

a actinomycetescomitans

p gingivalis

42
Q

body deformities with PD (Ie immune system issues)

A

phagocyte abno

hyperrepsonsive macrophage phenotype

43
Q

management of periodontal diseas

A

standard mechanical periodontal therapy
systemic or local drug therapy
maintenance therapy
periodontal surgery

44
Q

what can be used to treat PD

A

metronidazole and amoxycillin 1 week

45
Q

systemic or genetic conditions where PD is exacerbated

A
  • insulin dependant diabetes
  • down syndrome
  • papillion lefevre syndrome
  • enlers danlos syndrome
  • Langerhans cell histiocytosis
  • neutropenia
  • hypophosphatasia (abnormal cementum)

Basic dental care yr 2 (36 decks)

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