Gilded Age (1877-1900) Flashcards
Industrialization
is the process that takes an agricultural economy and transforms it into a manufacturing one.
urbanization.
refers to the concentration of human populations into discrete areas
Robber barons and captains of industry
Robber barons
The powerful U.S. industrialists and financiers who made fortunes in the 19th century by creating business monopolies (typically with bad association)
captains of industry
someone who owns or manages a large, successful business or company
one major strike of the gilded age
Homestead strike: a violent labor dispute between the Carnegie Steel Company and many of its workers that occurred in 1892 in Homestead,
Labor movements
Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor (AFL), AFL focused on winning economic benefits for its members through collective bargaining. . The Knights, by contrast, represented both craft and unskilled workers in a single national union.
Homestead act
provided 160 acres of federal land to anyone who agreed to farm the land. To help expand westward.
Transcontinental Railroad
he first continuous railroad line across the United States ,it brought products of eastern industry to the growing populace beyond the Mississippi.
Impact on Native Americans.
Dawes Act – Reservation land was divided into 160 acre plots and given to individual families to farm for a profit. Missionaries attempted to convert Native Americans to Christianity. Indian Boarding Schools – Children were sent to schools to focus on skills such as carpentry and housekeeping
Immigration trends
During the Gilded Age there were around 11.7 million people that came to America As cities became areas of economic growth featuring new factories and businesses, they attracted immigrants from Asia and southern and eastern Europe, as well as African American migrants within and out of the South.
Rise of tenements and urban challenges.
The housing solution came in the form of tenement buildings, which were cheap, high-rise apartment buildings that could house many families virtually one on top of the other. Construction of the these buildings was typically quick, and usually poorly done.This is an example of cities unprepared for the urbanization of their area.
Nativism
Nativism is the political policy of promoting or protecting the interests of “native-born” or established inhabitants over those of immigrants, including the support of anti-immigration and immigration-restriction measures.
Chinese Exclusion Act.
This act provided an absolute 10-year ban on Chinese laborers immigrating to the United States
