Gilded age Flashcards

1
Q

what were the differences between “Old” & “New” immigrants?

A

OLD- are from northern/ western Europe
NEW- Southern/ eastern Europe (Italian, Slavic, Asian)

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2
Q

Why were the “NEW” immigrants not welcomed at first in the U.S?

A

1) Job competition
2) Religious differences
3) Cultural differences

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3
Q

Name 6 characteristics of the Gilded Age…

A

1) Greed, scandal, and competition
2) Moved from an agrarian (rual) to industrial (urban) (country to city
3) Unprecedented economic growth/ exploded
4)USA becomes an emerging world power
5) Mass immigration
6)Unequal distribution of wealth
*inequality between the “Haves” & “Have Not’s”

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4
Q

What did the word “gilded” refer to?

A

“Golden on the surface but corrupt underneath”

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5
Q

Name 5 urban problems cities faced during this time and how they dealt with the problems:

A

1) Housing:
Have nots dumbbell tenements. multi family dwellings overcrowded and unsanitary
-Middle class- row houses
-Rich- Big houses
2) Transportation: mass transit designed to move large groups
- street cars/subways 1st in Boston
3) Water-
clean drinking water
-rivers, lakes/ indoor plumbing was rare
4) Sanitation-
-street sweepers
-tuberculosis
- 1st sewer lines by 1900
5) Crime-
pick pockets & thieves
-NYC 1st police force

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6
Q

Why did immigrants come?

A

1) Escape religious and political persecution
2) Escape poverty
3) Start and new life

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7
Q

What 3 things fueled economic growth during the Gilded age in America?

A

1) Wealth form the war
2) Modern machinery
3) Unlimited workforce

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8
Q

3 reforms brought about during the progressive era:

A

1) Political party
-limit power of the industrialist
-reform government corruption
-establish rights for the working class
2) Helping the poor
-communities centers that provided for the poor settlement houses
3)Improving working conditions
- organized to protect workers rights

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9
Q

compare and contrast to melting pot theory & the mixed salad theory:

A

Melting pot theory: they abandon their culture and fully assimilate to American culture
Mixed salad theory: Multicultural society can integrate different cultures while maintaining their separate identities

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10
Q

Who coined the statement “Golden on the surface but corrupt underneath”

A

Mark Twain

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11
Q

Founder of Hull houses for women/ children

A

Jane Addams

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12
Q

Salvation army founder

A

William Booth

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13
Q

“Young men Christian Association” YMCA

A

George Williams

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14
Q

A social reformer
Journalist/ Photographer
Showed “ How the others lived “

A

Jacob Riis

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15
Q

Auto Mobile

A

Henry Ford

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16
Q

Party of the working class

A

Populist Party

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17
Q

Father of public school education

A

Horace Mann

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18
Q

Founder of the Populist Party

A

James Weaver

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19
Q

Journalist who drew cartoons to expose corruption

A

Thomas Nast

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20
Q

Least corrupt President

A

Ulysses S. Grant

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21
Q

Owned the Steel monopoly

A

Andrew Carnegie

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22
Q

Owned the Railroad Monopoly

A

Cornelius Venderbilt

23
Q

Owned the Kerosene Oil monopoly

A

John D Rockefeller

24
Q

Boss Tweed - Made a million dollars illegally

A

William Tweed

25
Single seller controls all
Monopoly
26
"Have Nots" - industrial workers
Working Class
27
Alliances of Refomers who Protected workers
Unions
28
Stoppage of work - only weapon the working class had against Robber Barons
Strikes
29
Banking/Finance Robber Baron
JP Morgan
30
"Reformers" - They exposed the evils of society
Muckrakers
31
A person who has become rich through ruthless business practice
Robber Baron
32
Multi Family dwellings - overcrowded and unsanitary housing for the working class
dumbbell tenements
33
limited the numbers of Japanese immigration to the U.S.
Gentlemen's Agreement (1908)
34
"become like"
Assimilate
35
Communities of same ethnic groups
Ethnic Islands
36
Stopped Chinese Immigration for 30 years
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
37
Required immigrants to be able to read and write before the entered the country
Immigration Act of 1917
38
Major immigration center in NY
Ellis Island
39
Statue of Liberty - oppurtunity and freedom
Golden Door
40
The linchpin that connected America
Railroad
41
Industrial Workers
Proletariat
42
American poet
Emma Lazarus
43
A form of government in which Industry is controlled by private owners
Capitalism
44
Illegal to use of political influence for personal gain
Graft
45
Middle class "very small stay inn"
Row houses
46
Anti-immigrant sentiment
Nativism
47
Moved from country to the city
Urbanization
48
Factoring in the clothing industry
Sweatshops
49
"Know nothing's" designed to restrict & stop immigration
American party
50
Major immigration center in the west
Angel Island, San Francisco
51
"The Golden Door" Represented opportunity & freedom
Statue of liberty
52
Transportation designed to move large groups of people
Mass Transit
53
Inventor of the Lightbulb
Thomas Edison
54
Private business owners
Bourgeoisie