Gilded age Flashcards
what were the differences between “Old” & “New” immigrants?
OLD- are from northern/ western Europe
NEW- Southern/ eastern Europe (Italian, Slavic, Asian)
Why were the “NEW” immigrants not welcomed at first in the U.S?
1) Job competition
2) Religious differences
3) Cultural differences
Name 6 characteristics of the Gilded Age…
1) Greed, scandal, and competition
2) Moved from an agrarian (rual) to industrial (urban) (country to city
3) Unprecedented economic growth/ exploded
4)USA becomes an emerging world power
5) Mass immigration
6)Unequal distribution of wealth
*inequality between the “Haves” & “Have Not’s”
What did the word “gilded” refer to?
“Golden on the surface but corrupt underneath”
Name 5 urban problems cities faced during this time and how they dealt with the problems:
1) Housing:
Have nots dumbbell tenements. multi family dwellings overcrowded and unsanitary
-Middle class- row houses
-Rich- Big houses
2) Transportation: mass transit designed to move large groups
- street cars/subways 1st in Boston
3) Water-
clean drinking water
-rivers, lakes/ indoor plumbing was rare
4) Sanitation-
-street sweepers
-tuberculosis
- 1st sewer lines by 1900
5) Crime-
pick pockets & thieves
-NYC 1st police force
Why did immigrants come?
1) Escape religious and political persecution
2) Escape poverty
3) Start and new life
What 3 things fueled economic growth during the Gilded age in America?
1) Wealth form the war
2) Modern machinery
3) Unlimited workforce
3 reforms brought about during the progressive era:
1) Political party
-limit power of the industrialist
-reform government corruption
-establish rights for the working class
2) Helping the poor
-communities centers that provided for the poor settlement houses
3)Improving working conditions
- organized to protect workers rights
compare and contrast to melting pot theory & the mixed salad theory:
Melting pot theory: they abandon their culture and fully assimilate to American culture
Mixed salad theory: Multicultural society can integrate different cultures while maintaining their separate identities
Who coined the statement “Golden on the surface but corrupt underneath”
Mark Twain
Founder of Hull houses for women/ children
Jane Addams
Salvation army founder
William Booth
“Young men Christian Association” YMCA
George Williams
A social reformer
Journalist/ Photographer
Showed “ How the others lived “
Jacob Riis
Auto Mobile
Henry Ford
Party of the working class
Populist Party
Father of public school education
Horace Mann
Founder of the Populist Party
James Weaver
Journalist who drew cartoons to expose corruption
Thomas Nast
Least corrupt President
Ulysses S. Grant
Owned the Steel monopoly
Andrew Carnegie
Owned the Railroad Monopoly
Cornelius Venderbilt
Owned the Kerosene Oil monopoly
John D Rockefeller
Boss Tweed - Made a million dollars illegally
William Tweed
Single seller controls all
Monopoly
“Have Nots” - industrial workers
Working Class
Alliances of Refomers who Protected workers
Unions
Stoppage of work - only weapon the working class had against Robber Barons
Strikes
Banking/Finance Robber Baron
JP Morgan
“Reformers” - They exposed the evils of society
Muckrakers
A person who has become rich through ruthless business practice
Robber Baron
Multi Family dwellings - overcrowded and unsanitary housing for the working class
dumbbell tenements
limited the numbers of Japanese immigration to the U.S.
Gentlemen’s Agreement (1908)
“become like”
Assimilate
Communities of same ethnic groups
Ethnic Islands
Stopped Chinese Immigration for 30 years
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
Required immigrants to be able to read and write before the entered the country
Immigration Act of 1917
Major immigration center in NY
Ellis Island
Statue of Liberty - oppurtunity and freedom
Golden Door
The linchpin that connected America
Railroad
Industrial Workers
Proletariat
American poet
Emma Lazarus
A form of government in which Industry is controlled by private owners
Capitalism
Illegal to use of political influence for personal gain
Graft
Middle class
“very small stay inn”
Row houses
Anti-immigrant sentiment
Nativism
Moved from country to the city
Urbanization
Factoring in the clothing industry
Sweatshops
“Know nothing’s” designed to restrict & stop immigration
American party
Major immigration center in the west
Angel Island, San Francisco
“The Golden Door”
Represented opportunity & freedom
Statue of liberty
Transportation
designed to move large groups of people
Mass Transit
Inventor of the Lightbulb
Thomas Edison
Private business owners
Bourgeoisie
