Giant Covalent Structure

Question 1

Examples of giant covalent structures

Answer 1

graphite and diamond

Question 2

Graphite

Answer 2

Structure and bonding:
-each carbon bonded 3 times with 4th electron delocalised
-in a hexagonal arrangement
Properties:
- lots of strong covalent bonds so high melting point
- layers slide wilt as there are weak forces between the layers
- delocalised electrons between the layers - conducts electricity as they carry charge
- insoluble - the covalent bonds are too strong to break
Uses: lubricants

Question 3

Diamond

Answer 3

Structure and bonding:
- each carbon 4 times in a tetrahedral shape
Properties:
- tightly packed, rigid arrangement allows heat to conduct well
- high melting point due to strong covalent bonds
- does not conduct electricity as there is no delocalised electrons
- insoluble - covalent bonds are too strong to break
Uses: cutting tools

Question 4

Fullerene

Answer 4

Structure and bonding:
- three of the outer shell electrons are combined in covalent bonds with other atoms
- 4th electron is delocalised
Properties:
- good electrical insulators
- conducts thermal energy
Uses: lubricants

Question 5

Graphene

Answer 5

Structure and bonding:
-one atom thick layer of carbon atoms
Properties:
- strongest
- good conductor of electricity
- conducts thermal energy
Uses: touchscreens for mobile phones