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Colored Stones Exam > GIA Colored Stones Exam 551-600 > Flashcards

GIA Colored Stones Exam 551-600 Flashcards

1
Q

The color of a sorting pad should be ___________ .

A

neutral

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2
Q

Colored stones with higher value usually have what color characteristics?

A

medium to medium_dark tone and vivid saturation

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3
Q

Amber is actually _____________ .

A

hardened tree resin

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4
Q

Immature amber is known as _____________ .

A

copal

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5
Q

What is the most valuable amber color?

A

red

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6
Q

What type of coral is a calcium carbonate?

A

pink

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7
Q

What is coral’s most valuable color?

A

red

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8
Q

What are the two conchiolin coral colors?

A

black and golden

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9
Q

What treatment can create a golden color from black coral?

A

bleaching

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10
Q

What organic shows a structure called “engine turning” which looks like lines created on a lathe?

A

ivory

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11
Q

What animal’s tusk produces the most valuable ivory?

A

elephant

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12
Q

Paua is a Maori name for __________ .

A

albalone shell

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13
Q

Tortise shell is composed of what?

A

protein

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14
Q

Jet is an ornamental form of ___________ .

A

lignite coal

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15
Q

What country is the major source for jet?

A

England

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16
Q

Name a natural glass gem.

A

moldavite

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17
Q

Where is the only source of benitoite located?

A

California

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18
Q

What are the circular marks sometimes left in amber when treaters heat and oil it?

A

sun spangles

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19
Q

How old does tree resin have to be before it is called amber?

A

1 million years old

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20
Q

Nearly all trade in new elephant ivory has been illegal since what time period?

A

mid 1970’s

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21
Q

What is the most difficult shape to produce in pearl culturing?

A

round

22
Q

What is the name of the largest gem_quality natural pearl?

A

Dudley

23
Q

Pearl colors are usually _________ .

A

low in saturation

24
Q

In the trade; Tahitian cultured perals witha dark green_gray to blue_gray bodycolor and rose’ to purple overtones are called ____________.

A

peacock

25
Q

What overtone color increases the value of akoya cultured pearl with white bodycolor?

A

rose’

26
Q

When mollusks live in cooler water; they form pearls with ___________ .

A

thicker nacre

27
Q

Pearls that show noticeable surface characteristics are considered ____________ blemished.

A

severely

28
Q

The best way to clean pearls is with ____________ .

A

warm; mild soapy water

29
Q

The nacre quality classification described as “Nucleus not noticeable; no chalky appearance” is classified as __________ .

A

acceptable

30
Q

The matching level that describes a group of pearls that have minor variations in uniformity is considered ____________ .

A

good

31
Q

Farmers of every cultured pearl type does this after harvest.

A

wash; dry; sort

32
Q

Almost all akoya and Chinese freshwater pearls are __________.

A

bleached

33
Q

Usually; the diameters of the cultured pearls in a hank vary from each other by nor more than how many millimeters?

A

0.5mm

34
Q

Essence d’orient is a mixture of ___________.

A

fish scales and varnish

35
Q

What happens when saltwater cultured pearls are exposed to gamma rays?

A

the bead nucleus darkens

36
Q

All pearls display bodycolor; and some also have what characteristics?

A

overtone; orient; both

37
Q

A pearl with one or more grooved ridged rings all the way around it is called a ___________.

A

circled pearl

38
Q

A mixture of clear varnish and fish scales used in making imitation pearls is called _________ .

A

essence d’orient

39
Q

A cultured pearl with a hole drilled all the way through; sometimes called drilled_through is called ___________.

A

full_drilled

40
Q

A cultured pearl with a hole drilled halfway through to permit mounting on a post is called ______________.

A

half drilled

41
Q

A procedure that includes cleaning buffing and sometimes bleaching; done to make cultured pearls presentable and appealing is called ___________.

A

process

42
Q

Blemishes or irregularities confined to a pearl’s surface is called a ________ .

A

surface characteristic

43
Q

A cultured pearl with any unsightly potion cut or ground off is called a ____________.

A

three_quarter_cut

44
Q

Features used to judge the quality and value of pearls are called __________.

A

value factors

45
Q

Most gemstones form in the __________.

A

continental crust

46
Q

Rocks altered by heat and pressure are ___________.

A

metamorphic

47
Q

What gem can crystallize in volcanic rock from gasses released by magma?

A

Vietnamese ruby

48
Q

Where is the key locality for hydrothermal gems?

A

Ouro Preto; Brazil

49
Q

What gems form by metamorphism?

A

ruby; emerald; alexandrtie; tanzanite; tsavorite

50
Q

Heat and pressure transform limestone into ___________.

A

marble

Colored Stones Exam (15 decks)

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