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MJ- Family Med EOR > GI treatments > Flashcards

GI treatments Flashcards

1
Q

Tx for anal fissures

A
  • 1st line= fluid and fiber
  • stool softeners
  • protective ointments, sitz baths
  • NTG ointment, topical CCB, Botox injection
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2
Q

Triad for chronic anal fissure

A
  1. fissure
  2. sentinel pile
  3. hypertrophied anal papilla
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3
Q

tx for anal fissures following failure of conservative tx

A

lateral anal sphicterotomy

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4
Q

symptomatic tx for internal hemorrhoids

A
  • Stool softeners (docusate, psyllium)
  • warm sitz bath
  • Anesthetic ointments contining lidocain
  • Witch hazel (Hamamelis) compresses
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5
Q

tx for bleeding internal hemorrhoids

A

injection sclerotherapy w/ 5% phenol in vegetable oil

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6
Q

Tx for larger, prolapsing internal hemorrhoids or those that don’t respond to conservative tx

A

rubber band ligation

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7
Q

Tx for thrombosed external hemorrhoids

A

excision

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8
Q

which 2 anticholinergic drug can be used as an antispasmodic in IBS

A

Hyoscyamine or dycyclomine 30-60 min before meals

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9
Q

Tx for large bowel obstruction (4)

A

NPO

nasogastric suction

IV fluids

Monitoring

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10
Q

Tx of large bowel obstruction if mechanical obstruction is expected

A

Urgent surgery

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11
Q

What are 2 things you can do to prevent medication induced esophagitis (NSAIDs, bisphosphonates)

A
  • Drinking pills with at least 4 ounces of water
  • avoid laying down for at least 30-60 min after ingestion
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12
Q

Tx for eosinophilic esophagitis (2)

A
  • remove foods that incite allergic response
  • topical steroids via inhaler
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13
Q

how do you tx corrosive esophagitis

A

steroid

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14
Q
A
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15
Q

Tx for HSV esophagitis

A

Acyclovir

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16
Q

Tx for CMV esophagitis

A

Ganciclovir

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17
Q

Tx for uncomplicated GERD (lifestyle)? What should be avoided

A
  • elevating head of the bed 15cm (6in)
  • avoiding eating w/in 2-3 hrs of bedtime
  • avoid stimulants of acid secretion (coffee, alcohol)
  • avoid drugs (anticholinergics)
  • Foods (fats, chocolates, etc)
  • Avoid smoking
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18
Q

drug therapy for GERD

A
  • start w/ a low-dose H2 receptor antagonist (“-tidine”) QD then increasing to BID if needed
  • Switch to PPI (“-prazole”) if sxs persist (start low and increase)

tx for at least 8 wks once sxs controlled

19
Q

What are the 4 H2 receptor antagonists used to tx GERD

A

Famotidine

Ranitidine

Nizatidine

Cimetidine

20
Q

What class of meds are used to tx GERD and end w/ “-prazole”

ex: omeprazole, pantoprazole

22
Q

Tx for NSAID induced gastritis

A

stop NSAIDs, empiric therapy w/ acid suppression 4-8wk of PPI

23
Q

Tx for H.pylori gastritis

A

Clarithromycin

Amoxicillin +/- metronidazole

PPI (omeprazole)

24
Q

What surgical procedure is indicated for refractory GERD

A

Nissen fundoplication

25
Tx for cirrhosis (specifically for encephalopathy, ascites and pruritis)
Avoid alcohol, restrict salt, liver transplant * Encephalopathy: Lactulose + neomycin * Ascites: Sodium restriction, paracentesis * Pruritis: Cholestyramine
26
What 3 meds can be used for hepatic encephalopathy
* Lactulose * Rifaximin (reduce risk of re-hosp for hep. enceph) * Flumazenil (lower blood ammonia levels)
27
Tx of campylobacter jejuni gastroenteritis
usually **_self limited_** can be treated effectively w/ **_erythromycin_**
28
What 3 infectious agents can cause bloody diarrhea
Shigella, salmonella, enteroinvasive e. coli
29
Tx for shigella gastroenteritis
Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole
30
Tx fro C. diff?
Flagyl x10-14d Oral vanco?
31
32
Tx for rectal cancer
wide local surgical excision radiation w/ chemo for large tumors w/ mets
33
34
Tx for colorectal cancer
surgical resection and chemo for nodal involvement 5FU is mainstay of chemo monitor CEA w/ treatment
35
36
treatment for small bowel obstruction
bowel rest NG tube placement Surgery as directed by underlying cause
37
What abx should be given prior to appendectomy
3rd gen cephalosporin
38
Tx for upper and lower GI bleed (6)
1. Endoscopic thermal pole 2. Endoscopic clip 3. Endoscopic injection 4. Angiographic embolization 5. Endoscopic intravariceal cyanoacrylate injection 6. Band ligation (esophageal varices or hemorrhoids)
39
In severe illness of salmonellosis what abx can you give
ciprofloxacin
40
What is a common cause of osteomyelitis in children with sickle cell disease
salmonellis
41
42
What lab finding is indicative for spontaneous peritonitis in cirrhosis
ascitic fluid neutrophil count of 300 (Ascites fluid= PMNs \>250, WBC \>1000, Ph \<7.34)
43
tx for salmonellosis
ceftriaxone
44
tx for shigellosis
TMP-SMX or ciprofloxacin

MJ- Family Med EOR (17 decks)

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