ENT treatments Flashcards
Bacterial conjunctivitis tx
- Gentamicin/tobramycin (tobrex)
- Erythromycin ointment (chlamydia for newborns)
- Trimethoprim and polymyxin B (polytrim)
- Ciprofloxacin
Tx for bacterial conjunctivitis with contact lens
Ciprofloxacin/ciloxan drops
(covering for pseudomonas)
tx for neisseria conjunctivitis
prompt referral
topical + systemic abx
chlamydial conjunctivitis
systemic tetracycline or erythromycin x3wks
tx for allergic conjunctivitis
- Epinastine
- azelastine (Optivar)
- emedastine difumarate
- levocabastine
tx for blepharitis
warm compresses, irrigation, lid massage, topical abx for flare-ups
daily lid wash w/ baby shampoo
tx for dacryocystitis
clindamycin + 3rd gen cephalosporin
Optic neuritis treatment
IV corticosteroids
refer to neuro for eval of MS
3 tx for WET macular degeneration
- VEGF inhibitors (e.g. bevacizumab)
- photodynamic therapy
- Zinc and antioxidant vitamins
Tx for DRY macular degeneration
zinc and antioxidant vitamin
what is seen on fundoscopic exam in retinal detachment
asymmetric red reflex
Tx for OE if perforated or chance of perforation
- Ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone or Ofloxacin
- Cortisporin
Tx for retinopathy (4)
- retinal laser photocoagulation
- intravitreal injection of antivascular enothelial growth factor drugs (eg, ranibizumab, bevacizumab)
- intraocular corticosteroids
- vitrectomy
Tx for hyphema
abx eye ointment
NO patching
Tx for retinal vascular occlusion
Optho emergency
- Topical timolol
- Acetazolamide
- intermittent digital massage over closed eyelid
- Anterior chamber paracentesis
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How do you tx Amaurosis fugax if pt presents within an hour of the occlusion
surgical decompression
- digital massage of the globe
- CO2 rebreathing
How do you tx acute narrow angle-closure glaucoma
- Acetazolamide= 1st line
- Timolol (reduce IOP w/o affecting visual acuity)
- Miotics/cholinergics- Pilocarpine, Carbachol
- Peripheral iridotomy is the definitive treatment
tx for chronic open-angle glaucoma
- 1st line= prostaglandin analogs (latanoprost)
- Timolol
tx for viral conjunctivitis
what is the MCC
MCC adenovirus
Tx w/ cool compresses, artificial tears, antihistamines (olopatadine)
tx for allergic conjunctivitis
antihistamin H1 blockers
- Olopatadine
- Pheniramine/Naphazoline
Tx for fungal OE (3)
2% acetic acid
clotrimazole
itraconazole
Tx for Labyrinthitis
Diazepam or Meclizine for vertigo
Promethazine for nausea
tx for cholesteatoma
surgical removal