GI Tract Blood supply

Question 1

what are the three unpaired abdominal aorta branches and what do they supply?

Answer 1

Celiac trunk

• retroperitoneal
• supplies the foregut

Superior mesenteric artery

• intraperitoneal
• supplies the midgut

Inferior mesenteric artery

• retroperitoneal
• supplies the hindgut

Question 2

when does the aorta enter the abdomen

Answer 2

T12 aorta enters the abdomen

Question 3

the celiac trunk supplies what organs?

Answer 3

the foregut:

• Distal esophagus
• stomach
• Duodenum proximal to the bile duct
• liver
• gall bladder and cystic duct
• pancreas
• spleen

Question 4

what are the branches of the celiac trunk?

Answer 4

• common hepatic artery
• left gastric artery
• splenic a

Question 5

what does the common hepatic artery supply and what are some of its branches

Answer 5

Common hepatic artery supplies the:

• Liver
• gallbladder and bile ducts
• stomach
• duodenum
• pancreas

branches from the common hepatic trunk:

• right gastric
• proper hepatic (left and right hepatic a)
• gastroduodenal (give rise to gastroomental, superior pancreaticoduodenal a)

Question 6

what are the branches of the left gastric and what does it supply?

Answer 6

Organs supplied:

• distal esophagus
• stomach the lesser curvature

branches:

• esophageal branches
• anastamose with the right gastric

Question 7

what are the branches of the splenic artery and what organs does it supply

Answer 7

Organs supplied:

• Spleen
• body of pancreas
• posterior stomach
• greater curvature of the stomach (via the left gastroomental a)
• fundus of the stomach via the short gastric arteries

branches:

• short gastric
• left gastroomental a
• pancreas a?

Question 8

branches of the superior mesenteric artery and what they supply

Answer 8

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal a

• duodenum
• pancreas

jejunal and ileal arteries
-intraperitoneal in the mesentary and will go to the ileum and the jejunum

Middle colic
right colic
-both supply the colon

ileocolic
-supply the cecum and ileum

Question 9

Branches of the inferior mesenteric artery

Answer 9

Left colic artery
-descending colon

sigmoid artery

• sigmiod colon
• intraperitoneal in sigmoid mesocolon

superior rectal artery
-supplies the proximal rectum

Question 10

what is the Marginal artery?

Answer 10

it consists of multiple anastomoses connecting the superior mesenteric a and the inferior mesenteric artery

does so by consisting of:

• right colic
• middle colic (intraperitoneal)
• left colic
• sigmoid arteries (intraperitoneal)

Question 11

what is the blood supply to the rectum?

Answer 11

Superior rectal a:
-branch of inferior mesenteric a

middle rectal a
-branch of internal iliac a

inferior rectal a
-branch of internal pudendal a

Question 12

what makes up the hepatic portal system?

Answer 12

supplies 75% of blood to the liver

• spenic v
• inferior mesenteric v
• superior mesenteric v

drains blood from viscera (stomach, spleen and intestines) to the liver so nutrients are absorbed

Question 13

what are some anastamoses between the hepatic portal system and systemic flow?

Answer 13

paraumbilical vein with the epigastric veins

left gastric vein with esophageal vein

inferior mesenteric vein with middle rectal veins