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Year 2 - S1 - Anatomy > GI Tract 1st two lectures > Flashcards

GI Tract 1st two lectures Flashcards

1
Q

the abdominal aorta originated from the

A

thoracic aorta

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2
Q

retroperitoneal are immobile or mobile

A

immobile

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3
Q

Partietal Peritoneum

A

OUTER layer attach to the abdominal wall and pelvic walls

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4
Q

Visceral Peritoneum

A

INNER layer attached to the visceral organs - located inside the inter-peritoneal space

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5
Q

Greater sac

A

cavity inside the abdomen

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6
Q

lesser sac

A

omenta bursa

the greater and lesser omenta

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7
Q

lesser momentum

A

attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach and liver

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8
Q

greater Omentum

A

hangs from the greater curvature of the stomach and loops down in front of the intestines - before curving back upwards to attach to the transverse colon

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9
Q

greater momentum is a protective layer in front of the

A

intestines

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10
Q

greater and lesser sacs are connected by the

A

omental foramen

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11
Q

Vagotomy

A

branches of the vagus nerve are cut - usually to reduce the rate of gastric secretion

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12
Q

Portal triad

A

hepatic artery

portal vein

bile duct

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13
Q

bile ducts

A

carry bile from the liver to the gall bladder

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14
Q

bile is produced in the…

A

liver

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15
Q

Gall stones

A

right hypochondrial pain due to biliary colic secondary to gallstones

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16
Q

foregut blood supply

A

celiac trunk

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17
Q

midgut blood supply

A

superior mesenteric artery

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18
Q

hindgut blood supply

A

inferior mesenteric artery

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19
Q

3 branches of the celiac trunk

A

left gastric artery

hepatic artery

splenic artery

20
Q

where is the spleen located (in relation to ribs)?

A

9-11th ribs

21
Q

celiac trunk originates from the…?

A

Abdominal aorta

22
Q

hepatic artery supplies the

A

liver and gall bladder

23
Q

splenic artery runs retroperitoneally along the

A

upper (superior) margin of the pancreas

24
Q

midgut structures include

A

small intestine (including most of the duodenum)

cecum

appendix

ascending colon

the right 2/3rds of the transverse colon

25
Q

which part of the duodenum receives the bile and pancreatic ducts?

A

2nd

26
Q

the jejunum begins at what?

A

the duodenal flexure

27
Q

ileum begins from the jejunum and ENDS at the

A

ileo-cecal junction

28
Q

Key characteristics of the Jejunum

A

deep red

thick and heavy

more vasculature

long vasa recta

arcades (few, large loops)

few lymphnodes

29
Q

vasa recta

A

straight capillaries that come off the arcades in the mesentery

30
Q

Key characteristics of the Ileum

A

pale pink

thin and light

less vasculature

short vasa recta

arcades (many short loops)

many lymph nodes

31
Q

5 branches of the superior mesenteric artery

A

jejunual artery

ileal artery

middle colic artery

right colic artery

ileo-colic artery

32
Q

structures that make up the hind gut

A

left 1/3rd of transverse colon

descending colon

sigmoid colon

rectum

upper part of anal canal

33
Q

large intestine can be distinguished from the small intestine by?

A

omental appendices (small-fatty projections)

haustra (or sacculations)

teniae coli

34
Q

what is the most common appendix position?

A

retrocecal

35
Q

macburneys point

A

site of maximum tenderness in acute appendicitis

36
Q

inferior mesenteric artery vertebral level

A

L3

37
Q

superior mesenteric artery vertebral level

A

L1

38
Q

anal canal contains the ….

A

external and internal anal sphincters

39
Q

Autonomic innervations of the abdominal organs

parasympathetic

A

vagus nerve

pelvic splanchnic nerves

40
Q

Autonomic innervations of the abdominal organs

sympathetic

A

abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves

prevertebral sympathetic ganglia

abdominal aortic plexus

41
Q

Autonomic innervations of the abdominal organs

what vertebral levels does the sympathetic nervous system innervate?

A

T5-L2/3

42
Q

venous drainage of the GI tract is done by the

A

portal vein

43
Q

the portal vein collects poorly oxygenated blood from the……, …….. and …….. and takes it back to the ……..

A

spleen, pancreas and gall bladder

liver

44
Q

portal vein is formed by the union of which two veins?

A

splenic vein

superior mesenteric vein

45
Q

where is the portal vein located?

A

behind the head of the pancreas

L2

46
Q

what duct receives most of the lymph from the abdominal wall and abdominal organs?

A

thoracic

Year 2 - S1 - Anatomy (15 decks)

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