GI tract

Question 1

bowel layers

Answer 1

mucosa
submucosa
muscularis propria
subserosa
serosa

Question 2

where is the esophagus on ultrasound

Answer 2

posterior to left lobe of the thyroid

Question 3

location of gastroesophageal junction on ultrasound

Answer 3

between left lobe and aorta

Question 4

2 openings of the stomach

Answer 4

cardiac and pyloric

Question 5

2 curvatures of the stomach

Answer 5

lesser and greater

Question 6

2 surfaces of the stomach

Answer 6

anterior and posterior

Question 7

parts of the stomach

Answer 7

-fundus
-body
-pyloric antrum
-pylorus

Question 8

folds of the stomach are called

Answer 8

rugae

Question 9

3 parts of the small intestine

Answer 9

-duodenum
-jejunum
-ileum

Question 10

ileo-cecal orifice

Answer 10

markes the entry into large intestine
landmark to find appendix

Question 11

large intestine divides into

Answer 11

appendix
cecum
ascending, transverse, descending colon
rectum

Question 12

normal wall thickness in distended bowel

Answer 12

3mm

Question 13

normal wall thickness in non distended bowel

Answer 13

5mm

Question 14

“keyboard sign”

Answer 14

tubular structure
mixture of fluid
small bowel obstruction

Question 15

gut signature
target sign

Answer 15

Question 16

peristalsis

Answer 16

contractions which move food along digestive tract

Question 17

duplication cyst

Answer 17

malformation of GI tract
more common in small intestine,ILEUM

Question 18

duplication cyst on ultrasound

Answer 18

anechoic w/ thin echogenic rim (mucosa)
outer hypoechoic rim (muscle)

Question 19

polyp

Answer 19

solid mass adherent to gastric wall

Question 20

leiomyoma

Answer 20

most common tumor of the stomach
assoc w/ gall stones, peptic ulcer

Question 21

gastric carcinoma

Answer 21

half occur in the pylorus
lesion may be ulcerated, diffuse, polypod, superficial

Question 22

gastric carcinoma ultrasound

Answer 22

target or pseudokidney sign

Question 23

appendicitis symptoms

Answer 23

sudden pain in RLQ
nausea vomiting
fever

Question 24

appendicitis on ultrasound

Answer 24

target lesion
noncompressible
fluid and abscess
diameter >6mmm
wall thickness >3mm
increased vasculature

Question 25

perforation

Answer 25

loculated pericecal fluid

Question 26

crohns disease

Answer 26

recurrent inflammatory disease
involves entire thickness of bowel wall

Question 27

crohns disease symptoms

Answer 27

diarrhea
fever
RLQ pain

Question 28

intussusception

Answer 28

when one portion of bowel slides into the next like a telescope
creates blockage, swelling, inflammation, decreased blood flow

Question 29

intussusceptions occurs most in….

Answer 29

most often in babies between 5 - 10 months
more common in boys

Question 30

pyloric stenosis

Answer 30

narrowing of pylorus
most common cause of intestinal obstruction during infancy

Question 31

pyloric stenosis symptoms

Answer 31

sudden vomiting
weight loss
dehydration
palpable abd mass