GI System Diet And Problems Flashcards
What are some swallowing aids for pts experiencing dysphagia?
- encourage pt to think and talk about food before meals :can help stimulate flow of saliva, helps in formation of boils and help chewing and swallowing process
- eat tart or sour foods will stimulate salive
- have pt lick jelly from lips, pucker, hum or whistle: helps strengthen mouth muscles and may help pt learn to close lips around fork
What are some warning signs of dysphasia?
- reluctant to eat
- reluctant to eat certain food consistencies
- very slow chewing or eating
- fatigue from eating
- frequent throat clearing or food sticking in throat
- holding pockets of foods in cheeks
- painful swallowing
- regurgitation, coughing, choking
What will be the diet for pts with dysphasia?
- diet individualized based on swallowing abilities and food preference
- assess ability to swallow liquids and solid foods
- may modify texture, cohesiveness, density, viscosity, temperature and taste of folds
- always eating upright to avoid aspiration and choking
What is the role of the small intestine?
Complete absorption, absorbs nutrients and water
What is the role of the large intestine?
Forming and storing stool, extract essential vitamins
What is the role of the rectum?
Stores and expels feces
What are the types of inflammatory diseases for the GI system?
- celiac’s disease
- Crohn’s disease
- diverticulosis
- ulcerative colitis
What is the name of the gas and mucous producing syndrome of the GI system?
Irritable bowel syndrome
What are the possible non- pharmacological management for GI conditions?
- diet changes
- resting the bowel
- replace the guy flora
What are some curative med classes used in the pharmacological management of GI conditions?
- antibiotics
- anti-diarrheals
- anti- inflammatories
- laxatives
- monoclonal antibodies
What are possible conditions behind a chronic diarrhea?
- tumors
- AIDS
- diabetes
- Crohn’s disease
- ulcerative colitis
- hyperthyroidism
- irritable bowel disease
What are possible causes of constipation?
- diet
- fluid intake
- environmental constraints
- avoiding need to defecate
- abuse of laxatives
What are the risks with chronic constipation?
- will cause malabsorption (micronutrients, vitamins, electrolytes)
- malnutrition
- decreased appetite - weight loss
- bowel obstruction- can lead to bowel perforation- peritonitis- sepsis- death
What are some lifestyle interventions with constipation?
- increase dietary fiber and fluids (20-30g/day)
- insoluble or soluble fibres
- walking 3x per week
- recording bowel pattern
- avoid overuse of laxatives
After the nurse has completed teaching a pt with newly diagnosed celiac disease, which of the following breakfast choices by the pt indicates good understanding of the information?
A) corn tortilla with eggs
B) bagel with cream cheese
C) oatmeal with non fat milk
D) whole wheat toast with butter
A