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Histology > GI System > Flashcards

GI System Flashcards

1
Q

external of villi

A

simple columnar epithelium

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2
Q

internal of villi

A

lamina propria with microvasculature and lymphocytes

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3
Q

celiac disease

A

loss of villi = malabsorption and abnormal immune response

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4
Q

mucosa of small intestine

A

simple columnar epithelium

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5
Q

enterocytes

A

absorptive columnar cells

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6
Q

what creates the brush border in the small intestine?

A

microvilli

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7
Q

chylomicrons

A

lipid + protein

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8
Q

goblet cell

A

produce mucous to protect and lubricate microenvironment

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9
Q

paneth cells

A

innate immune cells, regulate microenvironment, release lysozyme, defensins to breakdown microorganisms

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10
Q

intestinal crypts

A

contain the paneth cells, the stem cells are located at the base

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11
Q

secretin

A

enteroendocine cell that stimulated pancreas and bile duct to secrete HCO3- and H20

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12
Q

CCK

A

enterendocrine cell that stimulates pancreatic acinar secretion and smooth muscle contraction by gall bladder

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13
Q

GIP

A

stimulates B-cells pancreas to secrete insulin

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14
Q

what penetrates the core of each villus

A

lamina propria

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15
Q

the lamina propria contains what?

A

capillaries, lacteals, and smooth muscle

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16
Q

the mucosa of the small intestine consists of

A
  1. Epithelium
  2. Lamina Propria (capillaries, lacteals, smooth muscle)
  3. Muscularis Mucosae - local movements of villi and plica circularis
17
Q

Myenteric Plexus (Auerback’s plexus)

A

primary regulator of intestinal motility

18
Q

What glands are present in the duodenum?

A

Brunner’s glands - secrete mucous and bicarbonate

19
Q

What produces the local movements of the villi and plica circulae in the small intestine?

A

muscularis mucosae

20
Q

peyers patches

A

lymphatic aggregates

21
Q

Where do you find more peyer’s patches?

A

more as you move rectally

22
Q

Duodenum absorbs what??

A

triglycerides and iron

23
Q

Ileum absorbs what?

A

B12, GIF, and Bile Salts

24
Q

Where do most digestive enzymes come from?

A

pancreas

25
Q

Where are stem cell found in the stomach?

A

At top of glands

26
Q

Where are stem cells found in the small intestine?

A

the bottom of glands

27
Q

how often do absorptive and columnar cells replace?

A

5-6 days

28
Q

how often do paneth cells replace?

A

30 days

29
Q

what regulates the muscularis mucosae and DNES cells??

A

meissner’s plexi (submucosa)

30
Q

do mucosa of the colon have villi

A

No villi

31
Q

type of epithelium of the colon

A

simple columnar epithelium

32
Q

colonocytes

A

absorptive cells, h20 passively absorbed and Na+ actively transported

33
Q

what makes up the taeniae coli?

A

3 bands of outer longitudinal layers of the muscularis externa

34
Q

rectum has what type of epithelium?

A

stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium

Histology (4 decks)

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