Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

4. GASTROINTESTINAL > GI Section III: BILIARY > Flashcards

GI Section III: BILIARY Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two patterns of branching air in the liver?

A

Portal venous gas

vs

Pneumobilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the classic way to distinguish Portal venous gas and pneumobilia?

A

Central = pneumobilia

Peripheral = PVG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Portal venous gas

vs

Pneumobilia

A

Portal blood - pumped INTO the liver - so it will be traveling TOWARDS the periphery

bile is draining out of the liver into the bowel - so it is flowing towards the porta-hepatis and should be CENTRAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
A

Pneumobilia - Central

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
A

Portal Venous gas = peripheral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Within how many cm of the liver capsule is portal venous gas?

A

2 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

gas in the bile is usually related to what prior procedure?

A

anything that fucks with the sphincter of Oddi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Gas in the portal system can be from lots of stuff

A

COPD
Bowel necrosis = pneumatosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when you talk about jaundice, think about

A

CBD stoneMos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Most common etiology of jaundice?

A

Benign stricture (post traumatic from surgery or biliary intervention)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cholangitis is the result of? that can lead to?

A

From stasis (think stoenes)

Can lead to hepatic abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Bacterial Cholangitis Triad

A

Jaundice + Fever + RUQ pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Dilated intrahepatic bile ducts is very rare in all forms of cirrhosis EXCEPT

A

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Chronic cholestatic liver disease of unknown etiology

A

Progressive inflammation = multifocal stricutres of the intra/extrahepatic bulde ducts = cirrhosis = Cholangiocarcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
A

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

“central regenerative hypertrophy”

cirrhotic, lobulated liver and ductal dilatation. The right hepatic duct is dilated, thickened, and hyperenhancing, suggesting active ductal inflammation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

“central regenerative hypertrophy”

A

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis associated diseases

A

Ulcerative colitis (80%)
Crohn’s (20%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q
A

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

“Withered tree appearance”

abrupt narrowing of the branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
A

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

“Beaded Appearance”

Strictures + Focal dilatations

20
Q

Infection of the biliary epithelium {classically Cryptosporidium) can cause ductal disease in patients with

21
Q

AIDS Cholangiopathy classic finding

A

Papillary stenosis

22
Q

Focal Strictures of the extrahepatic duct > 2cm
+ Absent saccular deformities of the ducts
+ Associated Papillary Stenosis

A

AIDS Cholangiopathy

23
Q

Extrahepatic strictures rarely > 5mm
Has saccular defoiiiiities of the ducts

24
Q

Recurrentpyogenic cholangitis is a.k.a.

A

Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis

dilated ducts that are full of pigmented stones.

25
Q
A

Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis

“Straight rigid intrahepatic ducts”

26
Q

An autoimmune disease that results in the destruction of small & medium bile ducts (intra not extra)

A

Primary Biliary Cirriiosis:

27
Q

What helps distinguish pirmary bilary cirrhosis from Primary sclerosis cholangitis?

A

Normal bile ducts in the early course of the primary biliary cirrhosis

28
Q

What happens in the late stages of Primary biliary Cirrhosis?

A

EXTRAHEPATIC DUCTS: Normal

INTRAHEPATIC DUCTS: Irregular dilatation

29
Q
A

Primary biliary cirrhosis

“Lace-like” pattern of fibrosis

30
Q

Tx and prognosis of PBC (primary biliary cirrhosis

A

ursodeoxycholic acid.

Excellent prognosis if caught early

31
Q

Increased in PBC

A

antimitochodrial antibodies (AMA)

32
Q

An anatomic variant in which the common bile and pancreatic duct fuse prematurely at the level of the pancreatic head (prior to the sphincter of Oddi complex).

A

Long Common Channel

33
Q

What biliary anatomic variant has an increased incidence of pancreatitis?

A

Long Common Channel

ENZYME REFLUX

34
Q

Long common channel is associated with what type of choledochocysts?

35
Q

The most common Choledochal cyst

A

Type I

DIlatation of the CBD

36
Q
A

Type I

DIlatation of the CBD

37
Q
A

Type 2

Diverticulum of the bile duct

38
Q
A

Type 3

“choledochocele.”

Intraduodenal diverticulum

39
Q
A

Type 4 (Type 2+3)

both intra and extra.

40
Q
A

Type V

Caroli’s diease (multiple intrahepatic dilatations)

41
Q

Caroli’s is an AR disease associated with?

A

PCKD and Medullary sponge kidney

42
Q

Hallmark of Caroli’s disease

A

is intrahepatic duct dilation, that is large and saccular.

43
Q
A

Caroli’s disease

44
Q

Complications of Choledocal cysts

A

Cholangiocarcinoma
Cirrhosis
Cholangitis
Intraductal Stones

45
Q

Classic hx of choledocal cyst

A

Dilated biliary ducts + repeated cholangitis

These things get stones in them and can be recurrently infected.

4. GASTROINTESTINAL (47 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions