GI Pharmacology I

Question 1

Acid secretion regulated through:
Paracrine
Endocrine
Neuronal

Answer 1

Paracrine : Histamine, prostaglandins
Endocrine: Gastrin
Neuronal: ACh

Question 2

Role of prostaglandins (3)

Answer 2

1. Mucus and bicarb secretion
2. Suppression of HCL secretion
3. Increased gastric blood flow

Question 3

Antacids (4)

Answer 3

1. Sodium Bicarbonate
2. Calcium carbonate
3. Magnesium hydroxide
4. Aluminum hydroxide

Question 4

Metabolic alkalosis caused by which antacid?
Gas/bloating from which antacids (1)?
Acid rebound (1)?
Causes osmotic diarrhea (1)?
Causes constipation (1)?

Answer 4

1. Sodium bicarbonate
2. Calcium carbonate
3. Calcium carbonate
4. Magnesium hydroxide
5. Aluminum hydroxide

Question 5

Therapeutic uses (3) for antacids?

Answer 5

1. GERD
2. Peptic ulcers
3. Dyspepsia

Question 6

Most common side effect H2 antagonists?

Answer 6

Headache

Question 7

Which H2 antagonist has the most adverse effects? What are they? (3)

Answer 7

Cimetidine

Confusion, hallucination, agitation

Question 8

What are the most efficacious inhibitors of acid secretion?

Answer 8

PPIs

Question 9

Chronic use of PPIs could cause?

Answer 9

Nutritional deficiencies (B12)

Question 10

Why be concerned with hospitalized patients on PPIs?

Answer 10

Because host defense mechanism is impaired which places patients at greater risk for infection

Question 11

Name all 3 mucosal protective agents

Answer 11

1. Sucralfate
2. Misoprostol
3. Pepto-bismol