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Felder > G.I. Module 5 > Flashcards

G.I. Module 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Drug class: Action: Neutralize & Decrease Acidity

A

Antacids

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2
Q 
Drug class: Indication: 
Heartburn and Acid Ingestion 
Sour Stomach 
GERD
Peptic Ulcer Disease 
Zollinger Ellison Syndrome 
Hyperphosphatemia
Calcium / Magnesium Deficiency
A

Antacids

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3
Q

Increased Magnesium can lead to, is contraindicated with (2)

A

Diarrhea toxicity, Dehydration - dont use in Renal Failure, alcoholics

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4
Q

Increased Aluminum can lead to, used in

A

Constipation, Dehydration - used for Renal Failure

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5
Q

Increased Calcium can lead to (3)

A

Bloating, Dehydration, Systemic Alkalosis

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6
Q

Increased Sodium Bicarbonate can lead to (2)

A

Systemic Alkalosis, Rebound Acidity

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7
Q

What drug class can we use to regulate pH activity

A

Antacid, preferably 3-4

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8
Q

Frequency of Antacids (3)

A

12 hours after meals and at the hour of sleep
Has 3 hour duration
Not to exceed 2 week time period

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9
Q

When we have acutely ill patients we must maintain a pH of

A

7

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10
Q

When using antacids, stool may be _____ in color

A

chalky

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11
Q

When using enteric meds after antacids what is one thing we must expect

A

Drug may be broken down sooner than its supposed to because of pH change

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12
Q

Antihistamines block which beta receptor site

A

H1 beta receptor site

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13
Q

Drug class: Action: Block H2 receptor site on parietal cells decreasing the volume and pH of gastric acid

A

Antisecretory

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14
Q

Antisecretory meds generally have a

A

longer duration

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15
Q 
Drug class: Indication: 
Hypersecretory states 
PUD
GERD
Zollinger Ellison 
Decrease amount of HCL being produced
A

Antisecretory

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16
Q

Frequency of Antisecretory (2)

A 
Short term (4-8 weeks)
Prophylactic use (Hour of sleep 10pm)
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17
Q

Side effects of Anti Secretory

A 
Dizziness
Headache
Disorientation
Hallucination
Depression
Cardiac arrhythmia 
Decreased bonemarrow 
MALE BREASTS (Gynecomastia)
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18
Q

Gynecomastia is

A

Male breasts

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19
Q

What should we monitor for people taking Anti secretory (3)

A

EKG
Apical pulse
RBC, WBC, Thrombos, CBC

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20
Q

What are some contraindications of Anti secretory meds (3)

A

Children under 16
Lactating women
Chronic Liver/Kidney disease

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21
Q

Anti secretory meds can alter the results of (2)

A

allergy test

Gastric acid testing

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22
Q

Nursing implications for giving Anti secretory meds (3)

A

Give with food except for Nizatidine
Bowel Plan
asses for mood changes

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23
Q

Drug class: Action: Forms a complex that adheres to the ulcer crater, protecting it from irritation

A

Cytoprotective

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24
Q

Avg dose for Cytoprotective

A

1g 4x a day

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25
Q

Cytoprotective drugs need an ____________ to be absorbed

A

acidic environment

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26
Q

Cytoprotective drugs are more effective when

A

stomach is empty

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27
Q

Because Cytoprotective meds can cause constipation patient should be on

A

Bowel plan

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28
Q

Best time to take cytoprotective meds are

A

before meals, or at hour of sleep

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29
Q

If patient is taking a cytoprotective med and an antacid, we should instruct them to

A

Take antacid 1/2 hour before of 1/2 hour after

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30
Q

Drug class: Action: Reduce gastric acid secretion and protect the mucosal surface of the stomach

A

Prostaglandins

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31
Q

Drug class: Indication: Prevent gastric ulcer resulting from the use of ASA and NSAIDS

A

Prostaglandins

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32
Q

Side effects of Prostaglandins include

A

Abdominal pain
diarrhea
Increased uterine contraction and vaginal bleeding

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33
Q

Before we give our patients a prostaglandins we should make sure of

A

negative pregnancy

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34
Q

Drug class: Action: Suppress gastric acid secretion by blocking the final step in production of HCI. Acts by binding with Potassium, Adenosine triphosphate and hydrogen in the stomach

A

Proton Pump Inhibitors

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35
Q 
Drug class: Indication: 
PUD
GERD
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome 
Helibacter Pylori
A

Proton Pump Inhibitors

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36
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitors are mainly used for

A

hyper acidic conditions

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37
Q

The two anti secretory drugs classes are

A

H2 blockers and Proton pump inhibitors

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38
Q

It is recommended to take Proton Pump Inhibitors on a

A

empty stomach or before meals

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39
Q

Side effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors

A

Gastric Toxicity

Hypersensitivity

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40
Q

In patients with Helicobacter Pylori there Helidac pack consists of (3)

A

Bismuth
Tetracycline
Metronidazole

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41
Q

Drug class: Action: Breakdown fats, starches, and protein

A

Digestants

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42
Q

Drug class: Indication: Replacement in pancreatic enzyme deficiency

A

Digestants

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43
Q

Digestants should be taken …. because…

A

with meals because it helps break down food that there eating

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44
Q

Side effects of Digestants are (3)

A

N+V
Diarrhea
Hyperuricemia

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45
Q

Before administering Digestants we should check for

A

allergy to pork

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46
Q

Drug class: Action: Induce vomiting

A

Emetic

47
Q

Drug class: Action: Attracts substances to its surface and prevent their absorption in the GI tract

A

Absorbent / Activated charcoal

48
Q

Drug class: Indication: Ingestion of poison or drug overdose

A

Absorbent / Activated charcoal

49
Q

Side effect of Absorbents / Activated Charcoal

A

Black stools

50
Q

Absorbents can be given …. and are usually given with …..

A

oral or NG

Water or fruit juice

51
Q

Drug: Action: Defoaming agent that breaks up gas bubbles

A

Simethicone (Mylicon)

52
Q

Drug: Indication: Post partum gas bubbles

A

Simethicone (Mylicon)

53
Q

Drug class: Action: Suppress the vomiting center in the medulla

A

Antiemetics

54
Q

Drug class: Indication: N+V, PONV, vertigo motion sickness, hiccoughs

A

Antiemetics

55
Q

Drug class: Action: Blocks dopamine receptor site in CTZ

A

Dopamine Antagonist

56
Q

PONV stands for

A

Post op N+V

57
Q

Drug class: Indication: Short term for N+V related to anticancer drugs

A

Dopamine Antagonist

58
Q

Drug class: Action: Block pathway to the CTZ to decrease vomiting (2)

A

Antihistamine / Anticholinergic

59
Q

Drug class: Indication: Choice for motion sickness, vertigo, pregnancy (2)

A

Antihistamine

60
Q

Scopolamine is administered

A

behind the ear

61
Q

Drug class: Action: Marijuana derivatives

A

Cannabinoids

62
Q

Drug class: Indication: N+V associated with anticancer drugs , used to stimulate appetite

A

Cannaboids

63
Q

Side effects for Cannaboids

A

Mental depression, clouding, lack of concentration, addiction

64
Q

Drug class: Action: Block the 5-HT3

A

Serotonin Antagonist

65
Q

Drug class: Indication: N+V associated with anticancer drugs, PONV

A

Serotonin Antagonist

66
Q

Drug class: Action: Gastric content in small intestines faster by increasing upper GI motility

A

Gastric Stimulant

67
Q

Do not administer Gastric Stimulants in people with

A

intestinal obstruction

68
Q

Drug class: Action: Reduce anxiety and used as a adjuncts

A

Benzodiazepine

69
Q

Drug class: Indication: Reduce anxiety, induce amnesia

A

Benzodiazepine

70
Q

Drug class: Indication: Adjuvant for N+V associated with use of anticancer drugs

A

Glucocorticoids

71
Q

Drug class: Action: Promote evacuation of the bowel

A

Laxatives

72
Q

Drug class: Indication:
Constipation
To prepare for procedure

A

Laxatives

73
Q

Drug class: Action: Increase bulk in the stool to stimulate peristalsis

A

Bulk laxative

74
Q

Drug class: Action: Oils that soften the stools and allow easy passage of the fecal mass

A

Lubricant / Emollient

75
Q

Drug class: Indication: Prevent chronic constipation

A

Lubricant / Emollient

76
Q

Drug class: Action: When in contact with the bowel cause irritation of the bowel to stimulate peristalsis. They absorbed into the systemic circulation and also draw water into the bowel which result in a watery stool

A

Stimulant/Irritant/Contact

77
Q

Drug class: Indication: Intermittently to prepare the patient for diagnostic test in the GI tract like barium GI

A

Stimulant/Irritant/Contact

78
Q

Drug class: Action: Hypertonic solution that concentrate in the bowel and attracts water from the tissue into the bowels by a process of osmosis

A

Saline

79
Q

Drug class: Indication: Mainly used as bowel prop prior to surgery of diagnostic test in the GI system such as sigmoidoscopy colonoscopy

A

Saline

80
Q

Used to cleanse the bowel by fluid overload that is osmotically balanced

A

Bowel Evacuant

81
Q

Drug class: Action: Draws water into the stools to soften the stools to make a passage easier

A

Fecal Softener

82
Q

Drug class: Indication: To PREVENT constipation and straining in patients

A

Fecal Softener

83
Q

Drug class: Action: decreased peristalsis

A

Antidiarrheal Agents

84
Q

Drug class: Action: decreased peristalsis
spasm
GI motility

A

Opiates

85
Q

Drug class: Action: Act through the parasympathetic nervous system

A

Antispasmodic / Spasmolytics / Belladonna Alkaloids

86
Q

Generic Cimetidine

A

Tagamet

87
Q

Generic Famotidine

A

Pepcid

88
Q

Generic Prochlorperazine

A

Compazine

89
Q

Generic Hydroxyzine

A

Atarax-Vistaril

90
Q

Generic Meclizine

A

Antivert

91
Q

Generic Metoclopramide

A

Reglan

92
Q

Generic Psyllium

A

Metamucil

93
Q

Generic Bisacodyl

A

Dulcolax

94
Q

Generic Docusate sodium

A

Colace

95
Q

Generic Diphenoxylate HCL

A

Imodium

96
Q

Generic Lactulose

A

Cephulac

97
Q

Generic Sucralfate

A

Carafate

98
Q

Generic Omeprazole

A

Prilosec

99
Q

Generic Ondansetron

A

Zofran

100
Q

Trade Tagamet

A

histamine H2-receptor antagonist

101
Q

Trade Pepcid

A

histamine H2-receptor antagonist.

102
Q

Trade Prilosec

A

Proton Pump Inhibitor

103
Q

Trade Zofran (2)

A

serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists

antiemetics

104
Q

Trade Compazine (2)

A

conventional antipsychotics

antiemetics

105
Q

Trade Atarax-Vistaril (2)

A

antihistamine with anticholinergic

106
Q

Trade Antivert (2)

A

antihistamine with antiemetic (anti-nausea)

107
Q

Trade Reglan

A

antiemetic

108
Q

Trade Metamucil (2)

A

bulk forming agents

laxatives

109
Q

Trade Dulcolax

A

laxatives

110
Q

Trade Colace (3)

A

laxatives
stimulant laxatives
stool softeners

111
Q

Trade Lomotil

A

antidiarrheals

anticholinergics

112
Q

Trade Imodium

A

antidiarrheals

113
Q

Trade Cephulac

A

laxatives

osmotic

114
Q

Trade Carafate

A

gi protectants

Felder (9 decks)

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