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Felder > Cardiovascular Module 2 Part 2 > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Module 2 Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Antihyperlipedemic drugs are also called what

A

Hmg-coA reductase inhibitor Or Statins

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2
Q

What is the action of statins

A

Inhibiting the manufacture of cholesterol or promoting the breakdown of cholesterol

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3
Q

Uses of statins

A

Treatment of hyperlipedemia Primary prevention of coronary events Secondary prevention of cardiovascular events

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4
Q

Adverse reactions of statins

A

Headache dizziness insomnia Flatulence abdominal pain cramping constipation nausea

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5
Q

Contraindications and precautions for statins

A

Contraindicated in ppl with hypersensitivity to drug Serious liver disorders During pregnancy and lactation

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6
Q

Statins are what pregnancy category

A

X

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7
Q

Bile acid resin mechanism of action is what

A

The bile acid binds resin blinds to bile acids to form an insoluble substance that can not be absorbed by the intestine and secreated in the feces Due to loss of bile acids the liver uses cholesterol to manufacture bile lowering cholesterol levels

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8
Q

Uses for bile acid resins

A

Hyperlipedemia Pruitis associated with partial billary obstruction

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9
Q

Adverse reactions for bile acid resins

A

Constipation which may lead to fecal impaction Aggravation of hemorrhoids Abdominal cramps Flatulence Nausea Increased bleeding due to malabsorption of vitamins ADEK

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10
Q

______ may reduce the absorption of vitamins Specifically ADEK

A

Bile acid resins

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11
Q

Because bile acid resins decrease the absorption of many drugs how should it be administered

A

Alone And other drugs should be given 1 hour before or 2 hours after

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12
Q

____ can be served in juice or fruit pulp but not carbonated beverages

A

Bile acid resins

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13
Q

Nanda diagnosis associated with bile acid resins

A

Altered nutrition less than body requirements

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14
Q

What is the action of fibric acid derivatives

A

Text synthesis and mobilization of cholesterol

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15
Q

Fibric acid derivatives ____ triglycerides ____ hdl ___ LDL

A

Decrease Increase Decrease

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16
Q

The adverse reactions of fibrates are associated with what body system

A

Integumentary Skin rash allopecia etc

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17
Q

Cholesterol Absorption inhibitor inhibit cholesterol absorption from what

A

Food

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18
Q

What is a common side effect of cholesterol absorption inhibitors

A

Fatty deposits in school

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19
Q

Nicotonic acid (vitamin b 3) Is similar to what class of drugs

A

Fibrates

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20
Q

What is a severe side effect of Nicotinic acid

A

Skin rash

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21
Q

If ____ is taken with food the affects are minimized

A

Niacin

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22
Q

Another name for an anticoagulant is what

A

Blood thinner

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23
Q

What is the action of an anticoagulant

A

Inhibit clot formationPrevent extension of clot Prevent additional clots from forming

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24
Q

______ Will not make existing clots smaller or break them apart

A

Anticoagulants

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25
Q

What is the drug of choice for acute Thrombolytic conditions

A

Heparin IV

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26
Q

What is the action of heparin

A

Interferes with conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

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27
Q

How is a heparin dose given

A

First a bolus doses given IV push then infusion and titratedThe dose will be titrated based on the patient’s PTT

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28
Q

What does PTT measure

A

PTT measures how fast the blood will clot

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29
Q

What should the patient’s PTT Be if they are on heparin

A

1.5 -2.5 times the control

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30
Q

Heparin subcutaneous must be given where

A

In the lower abdomen quadrants only

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31
Q

What are two major side effects of heparin

A

Bleeding and allergies

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32
Q

Why do some people experience allergies. When receiving heparin

A

Heparin is derived from animal pork and beef

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33
Q

If. Bleeding occurs while on heparin what may you do at the site

A

Use ice chips and light pressure

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34
Q

What is the antidote for heparin

A

Protamine or protamine sulfate

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35
Q

What is the drug for low molecular weight heparin

A

Lovenox

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36
Q

What is the onset and dose for Lovenox

A

Onset 2-3 hrs Dose 1mg/kg of patients weight usually 70mg

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37
Q

How is low molecular weight heparin different from Heparin subcutaneous

A

* Prefilled syringe*Don’t expel inject airCheaperNot animalLess bleeding

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38
Q

What is the action of anti-thrombolytic drugs

A

Inhibit factor X aInhibit conversion of prothrombin into thrombin

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39
Q

The long-term drug of choice for thrombolytic affects is

A

Warfarin Coumadin

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40
Q

What is the action of Coumadin

A

Prevent synthesis of vitamin K

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41
Q

What must you teach a patient on Coumadin about their diet

A

They must have a consistent intake of vitamin K

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42
Q

Although Coumadin dosage is based on the INR what is the average adult dose

A

2-15mg

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43
Q

What is the antidote for Coumadin

A

Vitamin k

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44
Q

For patient on Coumadin INR must be between what

A

3-Feb

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45
Q

If you are planning to administer Coumadin and you check the INR and it is greater than three what would you do

A

Hold the dose

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46
Q

INr and PT measure what

A

Ability of blood to clot

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47
Q

The greater the number in the INR the greater the risk of

A

Bleeding

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48
Q

In order to administer heparin you must check what lab

A

PTT

49
Q

In order to administer Coumadin you must check what lab

A

INR

50
Q

Glycoproteins receptor antagonist Action

A

Inhibit platelet aggregationPrevents

51
Q

Antihyperlipedemic drugs are also called what

A

Hmg-coA reductase inhibitor Or Statins

52
Q

What is the action of statins

A

Inhibiting the manufacture of cholesterol or promoting the breakdown of cholesterol

53
Q

Uses of statins

A

Treatment of hyperlipedemia Primary prevention of coronary events Secondary prevention of cardiovascular events

54
Q

Adverse reactions of statins

A

Headache dizziness insomnia Flatulence abdominal pain cramping constipation nausea

55
Q

Contraindications and precautions for statins

A

Contraindicated in ppl with hypersensitivity to drug Serious liver disorders During pregnancy and lactation

56
Q

Statins are what pregnancy category

A

X

57
Q

Bile acid resin mechanism of action is what

A

The bile acid binds resin blinds to bile acids to form an insoluble substance that can not be absorbed by the intestine and secreated in the feces Due to loss of bile acids the liver uses cholesterol to manufacture bile lowering cholesterol levels

58
Q

Uses for bile acid resins

A

Hyperlipedemia Pruitis associated with partial billary obstruction

59
Q

Adverse reactions for bile acid resins

A

Constipation which may lead to fecal impaction Aggravation of hemorrhoids Abdominal cramps Flatulence Nausea Increased bleeding due to malabsorption of vitamins ADEK

60
Q

______ may reduce the absorption of vitamins Specifically ADEK

A

Bile acid resins

61
Q

Because bile acid resins decrease the absorption of many drugs how should it be administered

A

Alone And other drugs should be given 1 hour before or 2 hours after

62
Q

____ can be served in juice or fruit pulp but not carbonated beverages

A

Bile acid resins

63
Q

Nanda diagnosis associated with bile acid resins

A

Altered nutrition less than body requirements

64
Q

What is the action of fibric acid derivatives

A

Text synthesis and mobilization of cholesterol

65
Q

Fibric acid derivatives ____ triglycerides ____ hdl ___ LDL

A

Decrease Increase Decrease

66
Q

The adverse reactions of fibrates are associated with what body system

A

Integumentary Skin rash allopecia etc

67
Q

Cholesterol Absorption inhibitor inhibit cholesterol absorption from what

A

Food

68
Q

What is a common side effect of cholesterol absorption inhibitors

A

Fatty deposits in school

69
Q

Nicotonic acid (vitamin b 3) Is similar to what class of drugs

A

Fibrates

70
Q

What is a severe side effect of Nicotinic acid

A

Skin rash

71
Q

If ____ is taken with food the affects are minimized

A

Niacin

72
Q

Another name for an anticoagulant is what

A

Blood thinner

73
Q

What is the action of an anticoagulant

A

Inhibit clot formationPrevent extension of clot Prevent additional clots from forming

74
Q

______ Will not make existing clots smaller or break them apart

A

Anticoagulants

75
Q

What is the drug of choice for acute Thrombolytic conditions

A

Heparin IV

76
Q

What is the action of heparin

A

Interferes with conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

77
Q

How is a heparin dose given

A

First a bolus doses given IV push then infusion and titratedThe dose will be titrated based on the patient’s PTT

78
Q

What does PTT measure

A

PTT measures how fast the blood will clot

79
Q

What should the patient’s PTT Be if they are on heparin

A

1.5 -2.5 times the control

80
Q

Heparin subcutaneous must be given where

A

In the lower abdomen quadrants only

81
Q

What are two major side effects of heparin

A

Bleeding and allergies

82
Q

Why do some people experience allergies. When receiving heparin

A

Heparin is derived from animal pork and beef

83
Q

If. Bleeding occurs while on heparin what may you do at the site

A

Use ice chips and light pressure

84
Q

What is the antidote for heparin

A

Protamine or protamine sulfate

85
Q

What is the drug for low molecular weight heparin

A

Lovenox

86
Q

What is the onset and dose for Lovenox

A

Onset 2-3 hrs Dose 1mg/kg of patients weight usually 70mg

87
Q

How is low molecular weight heparin different from Heparin subcutaneous

A

* Prefilled syringe*Don’t expel inject airCheaperNot animalLess bleeding

88
Q

What is the action of anti-thrombolytic drugs

A

Inhibit factor X aInhibit conversion of prothrombin into thrombin

89
Q

The long-term drug of choice for thrombolytic affects is

A

Warfarin Coumadin

90
Q

What is the action of Coumadin

A

Prevent synthesis of vitamin K

91
Q

What must you teach a patient on Coumadin about their diet

A

They must have a consistent intake of vitamin K

92
Q

Although Coumadin dosage is based on the INR what is the average adult dose

A

2-15mg

93
Q

What is the antidote for Coumadin

A

Vitamin k

94
Q

For patient on Coumadin INR must be between what

A

3-Feb

95
Q

If you are planning to administer Coumadin and you check the INR and it is greater than three what would you do

A

Hold the dose

96
Q

INr and PT measure what

A

Ability of blood to clot

97
Q

The greater the number in the INR the greater the risk of

A

Bleeding

98
Q

In order to administer heparin you must check what lab

A

PTT

99
Q

In order to administer Coumadin you must check what lab

A

INR

100
Q

Glycoproteins receptor antagonist Action

A

Inhibit platelet aggregationPrevents

101
Q

Warfarin NA Coumadin

A

Oral anticoagulants

102
Q

Lidocaine Xylocaine

A

Sodium channel blocker

103
Q

Propranolol hcl Inderal

A

Class: Beta blocker Dose: 10mg TID

104
Q

Amlodipine Norvasc

A

Calcium channel blocker

105
Q

Nifedipine Procardia

A

Calcium channel blocker

106
Q

Verapamil Hcl Calan Isoptin

A

Calcium channel blocker

107
Q

Diltiazem hcl Cardizem

A

Calcium channel blocker

108
Q

Isosorbide dinitrate (isordil)

A

Class: Coronary vasodilator Dose: 2 1/2-5mg Route: P0 chewable sublingual Taken in an empty stomach

109
Q

Nipride

A

Direct acting peripheral Vasodilator

110
Q

Epinephrine Adrenalick

A

Vasoconstrictor

111
Q

SimvastatinZocor

A

Anti hyperlipemic 5-10mg bid

112
Q

Enoxaprin Lovenox

A

Anticoagulant

113
Q

ClopidogrelPlavix

A

Antiplatelet75mg/day

114
Q

CaptoprilCapoten

A

Ace inhibitor

115
Q

LisinoprilPrinvil Zestril

A

Ace inhibitor

116
Q

AmiodaroneCordarone

A

Potassium channel blocker

117
Q

Procainamide

A

Sodium channel blocker

118
Q

Methyldopa Aldomet

A

Anti hypertensive Anti adrenergic

119
Q

Dopamine

A

Vasoconstrictors

Felder (9 decks)

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