GI (module 4) Flashcards
What tasks can the nurse delegate to the assistive personnel for NG tube care?
- measure/record drainage
- provide oral/nasal hygiene
- positioning
- ice chips
- anchor tube to gown during care to prevent displacement
- immediately report to nurse if pt complains of burning/signs of redness/irritation to nares
If a nurse i having a difficult time arousing a client following an EGD, what should they assess first?
airway
what is an at home screening procedure used for colon cancer?
FOBT
what should be avoided prior to a FOBT?
anticoagulants, red meat, vitamin C
what are 2 tests that may be ordered for a suspected tumor of the jejunum?
-x-ray w/contrast
- small bowel capsule endoscopy
what are some indications of a bowel perforation (potential complication of a paracentesis)?
- temperature elevation
what 3 meds may be given for GERD?
PPI, H2 blocker, and antacids
what condition may painful swallowing occur in?
may also have increased saliva, burping, bitter taste in mouth
GERD
what education should be given to a client following a nissen fundoplication?
- avoid eating 2 hr before bed
- elevate HOB
- avoid large meals
what are 3 expected findings with a stomach perforation due to a peptic ulcer?
-rigid abdomen
- tachycardia
- rebound tenderness
what should a nurse promote the consumption of for a client who has developed dumping syndrome after a gastric surgery?
increased protein in diet
what are 3 expected findings of a gastric ulcer?
- sensation of bloating
- pain 30 min-1hr after meal
- pain upon palpation of epigastric region
what type of injection may be given for a client with pernicious anemia related to chronic gastritis?
B 12 injection
when should famotidine be taken?
at bedtime
what condition is a vagotomy done for? what does it do?
-chronic gastritis
- reduces gastric acid secretions
what are 3 NG tube care actions the nurse should take?
- documents drainage in clients output
- assess bowel sounds
- oral hygiene every 2 hr
- monitor tube placement
what are some findings associated with small bowel obstruction? (4)
- emesis >500 mL w/fecal odor
- spasmodic abdominal pain
- high-pitch bowel sounds
- metabolic alkalosis
what type of stool may be seen in a large bowel obstruction caused by fecal impaction?
small frequent liquid stool
what labs may be elevated with an acute exacerbation of Crohn’s?
ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and WBC
what type of diet is recommended for Crohn’s?
high protein with low fiber to reduce inflammation
what dietary restriction should those with ulcerative colitis make?
limit fiber
which inflammatory bowel condition is characterized by abdominal pain followed by n/v?
appendicitis
If a patient has appendicitis and now says their pain is relieved by bending at the waist or knees, what should you suspect?
the client may be experiencing peritonitis r/t perforation of the appendix
which inflammatory condition is characterized by n/v and followed by abdominal pain?
Can be caused by contaminated food/water
gastroenteritis
what is a likely location for pain in pt with diverticular disease?
left lower quadrant (this condition generally effects sigmoid colon)
why are clients with diverticulitis at risk for peritonitis?
perforation of the colon
why should a client with ulcerative colitis not eat foods like dried apricots, whole grains and nuts?
they are high fiber foods, and high fiber may trigger an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis
If a client is admitted for an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis, what action should the nurse take first?
review the clients electrolytes
what are expected findings of peritonitis? (4)
- rigid abdomen
- decreased urinary output
- hypoactive bowel sound s
- inability to pass stool
how may ulcerative colitis lead to anemia?
chronic blood loss (bloody stools)
what are 3 symptoms of a paralytic ileus?
- abdominal distension
- absence of bowel sounds
- no stool/flatus
why is a large-bore NG tube placed after a colectomy?
decompression (remove gas and fluid from stomach to allow bowel to rest)
which type of hiatal hernia includes movement of the fundus of the stomach?
rolling (paraesophageal)
Describe a sliding hiatal hernia.
a portion of the stomach and the gastroesophageal junction move above diaphragm
identify which type of hiatal hernia:
- heartburn
-reflux
- chest pain
-belching
-dysphagia
sliding hernia
Identify which type of hiatal hernia:
- fullness after eating
- breathlessness
- suffocation
rolling (paraesophageal)
What is ERCP?
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
What is EGD?
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
