GI Infections Flashcards
Name causative agents (3)
- Bacteria
- Viruses
- Protozoa
What ulcers is helicobacter pylori associated with?
Duodenal ulcers
Gastric ulcers
Increased risk of gastric cancer
Diagnosis for helicobacter pylori? (3)
- Endoscopy + biopsy
- Breath test
- Serology
Treatment for helicobacter pylori (3)
- Proton Pump Inhibitor
- Bismuth salts
- Antibiotics
- Amoxicillin
How does gastroenteritis present?
1. Diarrhoea May be accompanied with - Nausea - Vomiting - Abdominal pain
Viral symptoms of gastroenteritis (5)
- Abdominal cramps
- Vomiting
- Profuse watery stools
- Fever
- Headaches
State the direct and indirect methods of organisms entry
- Invasive infection
2. Enterotoxic syndromes
How does an invasive infection work?
Enters the mucosal cells, destroy them causing diarrhoea with blood in the stool
How does an enterotoxin syndrome work?
The organism don’t invade the mucosa, but produce enterotoxins of which act as chemical mediators causing hypersecretion of the fluid
Incubation and transmission route for Norovirus (2)
- Transmitted faecal oral route
2. Incubation 1-2 days
How does the norovirus present clinically?
- Abrupt onset of vomiting
- Watery diarrhoea
- +/- Fever
- Abdominal pain
How is norovirus managed?
Self limiting:
Correct fluid/electrolyte balance
List the 3 types of salmonella
- Gastroenteritis (most common)
- Enteric fever - typhoid fever
- Bacteremia
Incubation period and symptoms for salmonella
8-48hrs
Symptoms develop within 2 days
- Cramps
- Watery/bloody diarrhoea
- Fever/sometimes vomiting
Diagnosis of salmonella
Stool
