GI Infections Flashcards

1
Q
Suprantigen in GI tract
Vomiting, watery non-bloody diarrhoea
B haemolytic colonies on blood agar
From poor food handling
Appears in tetrad clusters G stain
A

Staph Aureus

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2
Q

Reheated fried rice

A

Bacillus Cereus

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3
Q

Bacillus Cereus toxins (x2)

A

Heat stabile (emetic) and Heat labile (diarrhoeal)

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4
Q

Treatment Bacillus Cereus?

A

None, self limiting

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5
Q

Treatment S Aureus?

A

None, self limiting

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6
Q

Canned foods, bacteria in honey (infants)

Preformed toxin

A

Clostridium Botulinum

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7
Q

Preformed toxin, block of ACh release

Descending paralysis

A

Clostridium Botulinum

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8
Q

Treatment of Clostridium Botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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9
Q

Reheated meat, superantigen causes systemic toxicity
Vomiting, watery diarrhoea, lasts 24 hours
rapid onset

A

Clostridium Difficile

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10
Q

Aesculin positive with tumbling motility

A

Listeria Monocytogenes

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11
Q

Unpasteurized dairy, ‘cold enhancement’

A

Listeria Monocytogenes

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12
Q

Treatment of Listeria Monocytogenes

A

Ampicillin (+ ceftriaxone, cotrimoxazole)

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13
Q

E. Coli - ETEC

A

Enterotoxigenic E. coli

Traveller’s diarrhoea

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14
Q

E. Coli - EPEC

A
Enteropathogenic E. coli 
Infantile diarhoea (Paeds)
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15
Q

E. Coli - HUS (3 features)

A

Anaemia, thrombocytopaenia, renal failure

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16
Q

E. Coli - EIEC

A

Invasive dystentry

Enteroinvasive E. Coli

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17
Q

E. Coli - EHEC

A

Haemorrhagic (verotoxin)

Enterohemorrhagic E Coli

18
Q

Multiplies in Peyer’s patches

A

Salmonella typhi

19
Q

Rose spots, slow onset fever, bradycardia

CONSTIPATION

A

Salmonella typhi

20
Q

Treatment of E. Coli

A

Self limiting but can treat with Ciprofloxaxin

21
Q

Treatment of Salmonella

A

Ceftrioxone, or ciprofloxacin

22
Q

Poultry, meat, eggs

non-lactose fermenting

A

Salmonella enteritidis

23
Q

Handling reptiles

A

Salmonella

24
Q

Fever, pain, bloody diarrhoea
Very low effective dose
Production of enterotoxin

25
Rice water stool
Vibrio Cholerae
26
Increased CAMP, efflux of Cl- into lumen | Massive diarrhoea without inflammatory cells
Vibrio Cholerae
27
Raw seafood, common in Japan | Diarrhoea x3 days
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus
28
Shellfish handler/diver
Vibrio Vulnifcus
29
Treatment of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus/Vulnifcus
Doxycycline
30
Bloody foul smelling stool Prodrome - fever, abdo pain Oxidase +ve Poutry, meat, unpasteruised milk
Campylobacter Jejuni
31
Treatment of Campylobacter Jejuni
Erythromycin or ciprofloxacin
32
Mesenteric adenitis with necrotising granulomas Farm animals Extra GI symptoms - arthritis, erythema nordosum
Yersinia enterocolitica
33
Flask shaped ulcer
Entamoeba Histolytica
34
Motile trophozoite/non motile cyst | 4 nuclei
Entamoeba Histolytica
35
Treatment Entamoeba Histolytica (x2)
Metronidazole + Paramomycin
36
Pear shaped trophozoite
Giardia lamblia
37
Travelers, hikers, cruise ships, MSM | Malabsorption of protein and fat - foul smelling non-bloody diarrhoea
Giardia lamblia
38
String test | 2 nuclei
Giardia lamblia
39
Treatment of Giardia lamblia
Metronidazole
40
Swimming pools, particularly immunocompromised | Oocysts in stool by Kinyoun Acid Fast Stain
Cryptosporidium parvum
41
Treatment cryptosporidium parvum
Paromomycin
42
dsDNA, 'wheel like' | Watery diarrhoea
Rotavirus