GI Infection Buzzwords Flashcards
Listeria Monocytogenes
Beta haemolytic anaerobe
Gram +ve
Watery diarrhoea, cramps, headaches, fever, minimal vomiting
Tumbling motility
Mx: ampicillin, ceftriaxone, cotrimoxazole
E.Coli
Gram -ve rod Contaminated food, water or lakes ETEC: toxigenic, traveller's EHEC: haemorrhagic HUS: anaemia, thrombocytopenia, renal failure Mx: ciprofloxacin
Giardia Lamblia
Pear-shaped trophozoite Travellers, hikers and homosexual men Foul-smelling, non-bloody steatorrhoea Cysts on microscopy Mx: metronidazole
Staph. Aureus
Beta haemolytic gram positive cocci Grape-like clusters Superantigen Vomiting and diarrhoea 12-24 hours after food No antibiotics needed
Salmonella Typhi
Slow-onset fever, constipation, splenomegaly
Rose spots
Mx: ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin
Shigellae
Non-motile, non-hydrogen sulphide producers
Bloody diarrhoea
No antibiotics needed
Campylobacter Jejuni
Oxidase positive, non-motile Dog faeces Watery, foul smelling, bloody stool Associated with GBS and Reiter's (reactive arthritis) Mx: erythromycin or ciprofloxacin
Entamoeba Histolytica
Motile trophozoite Flask-shaped ulcer Liver abscess formation Wet prep, microscopy Mx: metronidazole and paromomycin
Cryptosporidium Parvum
Severe diarrhoea in immunocompromised
Oocysts on modified Kinyoun acid fast stain
Mx: paromomycin
Clostridium Botulinum
Canned/vacuum packed food
Preformed toxin
Descending paralysis
Mx: antitoxin
Clostridium Perfringens
Reheated meals Super Ag Watery diarrhoea and cramps Gas gangrene Mx: antitoxin
Clostridium Difficile
Exotoxin A and B Pseudomembranous colitis Post abx in hospital Mx: PO vancomycin 10-14 days PO metronidazole
Bacillus Cereus
Reheated rice
Gram +ve rods
Spore-forming
No abx required
Salmonella Enteritidis
Non-lactose fermenter
Poultry, eggs and meat
Self-limiting non bloody diarrhoea
Mx: ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin
Yersinia Enterocolitis
Enterocolitis with mesenteric adenitis Necrotising granulomas Reactive arthritis Erythema nodosum Cold enrichment
