GI Drugs and A&P

Question 1

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Functions of the Stomach

Answer 1

• Mixing and Breaking down foods - contracts and relaxes along with acid and enzymes to break down the food. breaking large food particles into smaller pieces called chyme
• Temporary food storage
• Enzyme production to break down food

Question 2

Functions of The Small Intestine

Answer 2

• Nutrient absorption - from food, turning into amino acids, vitamins, minerals, sugars, fatty acids which is absorbed into the intestinal lining into the bloodstream
• Water Absorption
• Further food breakdown from enzymes
• Bile and pancreatic enzyme activation - receives bile from the liver to aid digestion
• Secretion of Mucus and Hormones - goblet cells produce mucous to lubricate and protect the intestinal lining

Question 3

Function of the Large Intestine

Answer 3

• Food is formed into your stool, stored and then excreted
• Dehydrates whatever is left in the system
• Absorption of water and electrolyte’s

Question 4

Functions of the Liver

Answer 4

• Produces and secretes bile to break down fats and prepares them for further digestion and absorption
• All the blood leaving the stomach and intestines passes through here to detoxify it and remove waste products from it
• Store glycogen, vitamins, cholesterol and other substances

Question 5

Functions of the Gall Bladder

Answer 5

• Stores the bile and contracts when the body needs it to help break down fats
• Has the biliary tract - to carry bile from the liver to the small intestine

Question 6

Functions of the Pancreas

Answer 6

Exocrine Functions
- Makes the enzyme rich juice to break down the food in your digestive system
- The pancreatic juice also neutralises acid

Endocrine Functions:
- Release of insulin and glucagon

Question 7

Presentation of Ondasatron

Answer 7

4mg in 2ml amp
8mg in 4ml amp

Question 8

Indications of Ondasatron

Answer 8

• Prevention of morphine induces nausea and vomiting
• Treatment of nausea and vomiting
• Travel associated nausea or vomiting in peads

Question 9

Contra-Indications of Ondansetron

Answer 9

• Pregnancy over 1 month
• Known hypersensitivity
• Less than 1 month old
• Congenital long QT syndrome

Question 10

Dose of Ondansetron

Answer 10

Adult:
INITIAL: 4mg in 2ml
REPEAT: 4mg in 2ml after 30 minutes
MAX DOSE: 8mg

Question 11

Route of Ondansetron

Answer 11

IM
IV slow over 2 minutes

Question 12

Actions of Ondansetron

Answer 12

An anti-emetic that blocks 5HT receptors both centrally and in the gastrointestinal tract

Question 13

Functions of Female Reproductive Organs

Answer 13

Consists of internal and external organs. Hormones are responsible for fertility, menstruation and sexual reproduction

Question 14

Internal Female Organs; Vagina, Cervix, Uterus, OVaries and Fallopian Tubes

Answer 14

Vagina - muscular canal leading to the cervix

Cervix - dilates when a baby is born

Uterus - hollow organ where a baby can develop

Ovaries - small oval shaped glands that are located on either side of the uterus, produces eggs and hormones

Fallopian Tubes - narrow tubes that create the pathway for eggs to travel to the uterus for fertilization or discarding