GI Drugs

Question 1

Which group of GI drugs change the PH of the stomach?

Answer 1

Antacids, H2 blockers and PPI

Question 2

What are the active ingredients in Antacids?

Answer 2

1. Aluminum
2. Magnesium
3. Carbonate
4. Magnesium Carbonate
5. Calcium Carbonate

Question 3

What are the 3 types of antacids?

Answer 3

1. Sodium Bicarbonate
2. Calcium Bicarbonate
3. Magnesium/Aluminum Hydroxide

Question 4

What 2 types of antacids cause a bloated and bubbly stomach?

Answer 4

Sodium & Calcium Bicarbonate

Question 5

What is the best antacid?

Answer 5

Magnesium/Aluminum Hydroxide… does not have CO2 side effects

Question 6

What are the 2 side effects of antacids?

Answer 6

Metabolic Alkalosis - can be deadly if pt uses alot of antacids

GI distention & belching

Question 7

Which group of antacids give us the greatest flexibility in dosing?

Answer 7

H2 blockers/antagonist

Question 8

H2 Blocker: Cimetidine is what brand name? What is the cons of cimetidine?

Answer 8

Tagamet

Has the most side effects (we don’t use it)

Question 9

H2 Blocker: Famotidine is what brand name?

Answer 9

Pepcid

Question 10

H2 Blocker: Nizatidine is what brand name?

Answer 10

Axid

Question 11

H2 Blocker; Ranitidine is what brand name?

Answer 11

Zantac

Question 12

What are the side effects of H2 blockers?

Answer 12

Causes a vitamin deficiency

Question 13

What is the highest level of antacid medication with the highest level of acid suppression capabilities?

Answer 13

Proton pump inhibitors

Question 14

PPIs irreversibly inhibits the H+/K+ pump to decrease ____?

Answer 14

Gastric Acid Secretion

Question 15

Food decreases the absorption of PPIs by ___.

Answer 15

1/2

Question 16

PPI: lansoprazole = ?

Answer 16

Prevacid

Question 17

PPI: Omeprazole = ?

Answer 17

Prilosec

Question 18

PPI Esomeprazole = ?

Answer 18

Nexium

Question 19

PPI: Pantoprazole = ?

Answer 19

Protonix

Question 20

PPI: Dexlansoprazole = ?

Answer 20

Kapidex/Dexilant

Question 21

What are the ADRs of PPIs?

Answer 21

B12 deficiency
Increased risk of gut infections
fractures due to decreased calcium absorption

Question 22

Which group of GI drugs must be taken on an empty stomach and then with food 20-60 mins later?

Answer 22

PPIs

Question 23

Bismuth Subsalicylate = ?

Answer 23

Pepto Bismal

Question 24

What is the main ADR of Bismuth Subsalicylate ?

Answer 24

Reye Syndrome

Question 25

Anti-Secretory Drug: Simethicone = ?

Answer 25

GasX, Rolaids Anti-Gas

Question 26

Simethicone is used to ____?

Answer 26

To treat gas bubbles in the gut

Question 27

What are the 2 types of bulk-forming laxatives?

Answer 27

Psyllium (metamucil) and Methylcellulose (Citrucel)

Question 28

Lax: Psyllium = ?

Answer 28

Metamucil

Question 29

Which group of laxatives can also help with diarrhea?

Answer 29

Bulk-Form laxs

Question 30

Lax: Methylcellulose = ?

Answer 30

Citrucel

Question 31

The best stool softener consist of a stool softner and stimulant. What 2 drugs are used?

Answer 31

Docusate Sodium + Senna

Question 32

Stool Softner: Docusate Sodium = ?

Answer 32

Colace

Question 33

Stimulant: Senna = ?

Answer 33

Senokot

Question 34

What are the 2 ADRs of stimulants?

Answer 34

1. depends on the use of a laxative | 2. Abdominal cramping

Question 35

Antiperistaltics are types of _____ agonist.

Answer 35

Opioid agonist

Question 36

What are the 3 types of antiperistaltics?

Answer 36

1. Loperamide = Imodium 2. Diphenoxylate + Atropine = Lomatil 3. Opium Tincture = Paregoric

Question 37

What is the most common antiperistaltic?

Answer 37

Loperamide = Imodium

Question 38

Which antiperistaltic can cross the BBB in high doses?

Answer 38

Loperamide = Imodium

Question 39

Which antiperistaltic is mostly requested by elderly women and causes extreme dry eye?

Answer 39

Diphenoxylate + Atropine = Lomatil

Question 40

Procloperizine is what type of drug?

Answer 40

Phenothiazines, a type of anti-emetic

Question 41

Anti-Emetic: Prochloperizine = ?

Answer 41

Compazine

Question 42

Phenothiazines are a _____ antagonist. They primarily project to CTZ to stop someone from throwing up.

Answer 42

dopamine

Question 43

Serotonin Antagonist are types of anti-_____.

Answer 43

anti-emetic agent

Question 44

What are the 3 types of serotonin antagonists?

Answer 44

1. Ondansetron = Zofran 2. Granisetron = Kytril 3. Dolasetron = Anzemet

Question 45

Serotonin Antagonists are used for ?

Answer 45

People undergoing chemotherapy treatment

Question 46

What is 1 ADR of serotonin antagonists?

Answer 46

long-term effects = causes gut issues

Question 47

What medication effects dopamine and causes walking disorders?

Answer 47

Phenothiazines, Prochloperizine=Compazine