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Pharm 3 > GI Drugs > Flashcards

GI Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Which group of GI drugs change the PH of the stomach?

A

Antacids, H2 blockers and PPI

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2
Q

What are the active ingredients in Antacids?

A
  1. Aluminum
  2. Magnesium
  3. Carbonate
  4. Magnesium Carbonate
  5. Calcium Carbonate
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3
Q

What are the 3 types of antacids?

A
  1. Sodium Bicarbonate
  2. Calcium Bicarbonate
  3. Magnesium/Aluminum Hydroxide
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4
Q

What 2 types of antacids cause a bloated and bubbly stomach?

A

Sodium & Calcium Bicarbonate

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5
Q

What is the best antacid?

A

Magnesium/Aluminum Hydroxide… does not have CO2 side effects

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6
Q

What are the 2 side effects of antacids?

A

Metabolic Alkalosis - can be deadly if pt uses alot of antacids

GI distention & belching

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7
Q

Which group of antacids give us the greatest flexibility in dosing?

A

H2 blockers/antagonist

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8
Q

H2 Blocker: Cimetidine is what brand name? What is the cons of cimetidine?

A

Tagamet

Has the most side effects (we don’t use it)

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9
Q

H2 Blocker: Famotidine is what brand name?

A

Pepcid

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10
Q

H2 Blocker: Nizatidine is what brand name?

A

Axid

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11
Q

H2 Blocker; Ranitidine is what brand name?

A

Zantac

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12
Q

What are the side effects of H2 blockers?

A

Causes a vitamin deficiency

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13
Q

What is the highest level of antacid medication with the highest level of acid suppression capabilities?

A

Proton pump inhibitors

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14
Q

PPIs irreversibly inhibits the H+/K+ pump to decrease ____?

A

Gastric Acid Secretion

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15
Q

Food decreases the absorption of PPIs by ___.

A

1/2

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16
Q

PPI: lansoprazole = ?

A

Prevacid

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17
Q

PPI: Omeprazole = ?

A

Prilosec

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18
Q

PPI Esomeprazole = ?

A

Nexium

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19
Q

PPI: Pantoprazole = ?

A

Protonix

20
Q

PPI: Dexlansoprazole = ?

A

Kapidex/Dexilant

21
Q

What are the ADRs of PPIs?

A

B12 deficiency
Increased risk of gut infections
fractures due to decreased calcium absorption

22
Q

Which group of GI drugs must be taken on an empty stomach and then with food 20-60 mins later?

A

PPIs

23
Q

Bismuth Subsalicylate = ?

A

Pepto Bismal

24
Q

What is the main ADR of Bismuth Subsalicylate ?

A

Reye Syndrome

25
Q

Anti-Secretory Drug: Simethicone = ?

A

GasX, Rolaids Anti-Gas

26
Q

Simethicone is used to ____?

A

To treat gas bubbles in the gut

27
Q

What are the 2 types of bulk-forming laxatives?

A

Psyllium (metamucil) and Methylcellulose (Citrucel)

28
Q

Lax: Psyllium = ?

A

Metamucil

29
Q

Which group of laxatives can also help with diarrhea?

A

Bulk-Form laxs

30
Q

Lax: Methylcellulose = ?

A

Citrucel

31
Q

The best stool softener consist of a stool softner and stimulant. What 2 drugs are used?

A

Docusate Sodium + Senna

32
Q

Stool Softner: Docusate Sodium = ?

A

Colace

33
Q

Stimulant: Senna = ?

A

Senokot

34
Q

What are the 2 ADRs of stimulants?

A
  1. depends on the use of a laxative

2. Abdominal cramping

35
Q

Antiperistaltics are types of _____ agonist.

A

Opioid agonist

36
Q

What are the 3 types of antiperistaltics?

A
  1. Loperamide = Imodium
  2. Diphenoxylate + Atropine = Lomatil
  3. Opium Tincture = Paregoric
37
Q

What is the most common antiperistaltic?

A

Loperamide = Imodium

38
Q

Which antiperistaltic can cross the BBB in high doses?

A

Loperamide = Imodium

39
Q

Which antiperistaltic is mostly requested by elderly women and causes extreme dry eye?

A

Diphenoxylate + Atropine = Lomatil

40
Q

Procloperizine is what type of drug?

A

Phenothiazines, a type of anti-emetic

41
Q

Anti-Emetic: Prochloperizine = ?

A

Compazine

42
Q

Phenothiazines are a _____ antagonist. They primarily project to CTZ to stop someone from throwing up.

A

dopamine

43
Q

Serotonin Antagonist are types of anti-_____.

A

anti-emetic agent

44
Q

What are the 3 types of serotonin antagonists?

A
  1. Ondansetron = Zofran
  2. Granisetron = Kytril
  3. Dolasetron = Anzemet
45
Q

Serotonin Antagonists are used for ?

A

People undergoing chemotherapy treatment

46
Q

What is 1 ADR of serotonin antagonists?

A

long-term effects = causes gut issues

47
Q

What medication effects dopamine and causes walking disorders?

A

Phenothiazines, Prochloperizine=Compazine

Pharm 3 (5 decks)

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