Gi Disorders Flashcards
which is the most prevalent GI disease in the US population?
GERD
what is a serious possible consequence of GERD?
barrett esophagus
what is the primary concern for a patient diagnosed with barrett esophagus?
esophageal cancer
what is the condition where the stomach contents flow backward through the cardiac sphincter and up into the esophagus?
GERD
what should the dental professional do for patients with symptoms of taste changes and enamel erosion?
refer to PCP
What can happen if patients are positioned in the supine position for a length of time, esp if they ate a large meal prior to their dental appointment
may experience symptoms of GERD, which can be mistaken for an emergency situation
What is the best non-narcotic analgesic for the management of a dental patient with peptic ulcer disease or GERD?
acetaminophen
what are the dental considerations for the patient with gerd?
may not be able to sit in supine poition
what has been determined to be the cause of most ulcers?
Helicobacter pylori (not stress)
how can ulcers be cured?
using a combination of one or more antibiotics and an H2- blocker or a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) to reduce the stomach acid
what drug is a synthetic prostaglandin indicated for NSAID- induced ulcers?
Misoprostol
How do NSAIDs work to help GI disorders?
inhibit PG synthesis, and PGs have a protective effect on the stomach lining
How do NSAIDs work to help GI disorders?
inhibit PG synthesis, and PGs have a protective effect on the stomach lining
how does misoprostol work to help GI disorders?
is a PGE2A and can replenish the PG in the stomach
what are two possible causes for stomach or small intestine ulcers?
an infection and long-term use of NSAIDs
what are two possible causes for stomach or small intestine ulcers?
an infection and long-term use of NSAIDs
what commonly used drug is NOT the best treatment for peptic ulcers?
antacids
how are acute gastritis and symptoms of ulcers sometimes managed?
antacids
what is the possible treatment for ulcers?
Pepto Bismol
what property do ulcers have to allow them to be treated with antibiotics?
ulcers are closely related to helicobacter pylori and are treated with antibiotics
what is Famotidine (Pepcid) and what are some adverse effects?
histamine-2 (H2)- blocking agent has been associated with dry mouth and taste alterations
which adverse reaction is common to all of the currently marketed H2 blocking agents?
abnormal liver function tests
what agent should be used with caution in patients with renal Impairment because hypermagnesemia has been reported in patients with renal disease
magnesium sulfate
what drug is a prostaglandin PGE2A and is indicated for NSAID- induced ulcers?
Misoprostol (Cytotec)
What drug inhibits the action of pepsin and absorbs the bile salts and can be thought of as a “bandage” for ulcers?
Sucralfate (Carafate)
why are lubricants such as mineral oil no longer recommended?
can be absorbed and interfere with absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K)
what is a caution to be aware of with certain GI drugs such as laxitives?
abused by patients with bulimia
which type of laxative is considered best to use?
bulk laxatives
which category of drugs are used to treat diarrhea?
absorbents and opioid-like agents
which type of drugs work by blocking 5-HT3 receptors in the CNS and the chemoreceptor trigger zone?
antimetics
the action of what drug is to decrease peristalsis by acting directly on smooth muscle of the GI?
METOCLOPRAMIDE
What is the difference between Chron’s disease and ulcerative colitis?
Chrons disease extends through all layers of the intestinal wall, whereas ulcerative colitis involves only the mucosa
what organs are affected by Chron’s disease?
can involve whole intestine, but the colon is mostly affected
what organs are affected by Chron’s disease?
can involve whole intestine, but the colon is mostly affected
which type of drug is considered fist-line therapy for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome?
antiinflammatory
