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SB_Infectious Disease (Pediatrics Royal College 2018) > GI bugs > Flashcards

GI bugs Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the clinical presentation of Campylobacter?

A 
gastroenteritis - bloody 
fever
abdo pain
tenesmus
myalgia
bacteremia
Focal extraintestinal infections - meningitis, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, all over
\+++ if animal contact, unpasteurized milk
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2
Q

What are complications of campylobacter

A

reactive arthritis - especially if have HLA B27, large jt
GBS - 25% of GBS cases
erythema nodosum
IgA nephropathy

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3
Q

how do you treat Campylobacter?

A

treat ONLY if very sick or immunocompromised or chronic conditions or immunosuppressed.
Azithr or erythromycin

(AAP-erythromycin or azithromycin can eradicate the organism within 2 to 3 days, shorten the duration of illness, and prevent relapse when administered early in the course of infection.)

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4
Q

what are clinical features of Cryptosporidium infection

A 
PROTOZOA
non bloody profuse diarrhea
crampy abdo pain
nausea/vomiting
30-50% fever
myalgia
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5
Q

how can campylobacter present in the immunocompromised patient?

A 
Chronic diarrhea
can lead to malnutrition, anorexa..
Biliary tract disease - RUQ pain, fever, N/V/D
Pancreatitis
Resp symptoms
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6
Q

How do you treat Cryptosporidium?

A

only if really unwell

Niatozoxanide

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7
Q

what can cause an mono-like illness (acute retroviral syndrome)

A 
CMV
adenovirus
toxoplasma gondii
Hep B
Hep C
HIV
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8
Q

what location of lymphadenopathy is particularly suggestive of EBV?

A

epitrochlear

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9
Q

what are Ca that have been linked with EBV?

A

Burkitt lymphoma
nasopharyngeal Ca
Hodgkin
Lymphoproliferative disease

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10
Q

how do you treat protozoan Entamoeba histolytica

A
  1. eradicating the active trophozoites (with metronidazole)

2. intraintestinal cysts (with paromomycin or iodoquinol

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11
Q

what is the most common cause for diarrhea in the winter months

A

Rotavirus

vomiting for 3-4 days and diarrhea for 7-10

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12
Q

what are RF associated with salmonella infection

A
  1. infected domestic animals - lizards…
  2. contact with infected food - dairy, chicken
  3. Abx in the last month
  4. if on PPI/H block because salmonella killed by low PH
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13
Q

what organism causing diarrhea can be very dangerous for pt with IBD?

A

salmonella
leads to toxic megacolon
bacterial transloction
sepsis

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14
Q

what is the incubation time for salmonella?

A

FAST

6-72 hrs

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15
Q

what are the CF of salmonella infetction

A
  1. acute enteritis
  2. bacteremia - transient but can be severe
  3. extraintestinal focal ifections - meningitis, bone
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16
Q

when do we treat salmonella? and how

A
  1. if
17
Q

what is the most common form of dysentery?

A

shigella

18
Q

what causes of diarrhea will have leukoc

A 
shigella
salmonella
Yersinia
Campylobacter
C.Diff
Ecoli
19
Q

what are CF of shigella infection?

A 
look SICK
fever
severe abdo pain
emeseis
urgency and pain with stool
GI: rectal prolapse, toxic mega, pseudomembraneous colitis
hepatitis
extraintestinal: Neuro, SIADH, hypoglycemia, sepsis
eye involvemnt
20
Q

how do you manage a shigella diarrhea

A 
rehydrate
VITAMIN A - high dose
Zinc suppl
high protein diet
IV ceftriaxone if baby or
PO cefixime for 5 days
21
Q

what are the daycare exclusion for shigella

A

until 2 stool culture or rectal swabs negative

and diarrhea resolved

22
Q

what are daycare exclusion for salmonella

A

24 hours post resolution of symptoms

23
Q

how do you treat Entamoeba histolitica

A

flagyl

24
Q

how do you treat Giardia?

A

Flagyl

25
Q

what might cause severe diarrhea, very high temp and seizure?

A

shigella

26
Q

which hepatitis can present acutely with jaundice and can look quite sick?

A

Hep B -AAP question

SB_Infectious Disease (Pediatrics Royal College 2018) (10 decks)

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