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BUZZWORDS > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

Gingival hypertrophy

A

Side effect of CCBs or phenytoin

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2
Q

Bird beak appearance and distended oesophagus

A

Achalasia

if in lower GI imaging - sign of bowel obstruction

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3
Q

Grey Turner’s sign (lumbar redness)

A

acute pancreatitis

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4
Q

Cullen’s sign (umbilical redness)

A

acute pancreatitis

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5
Q

Murphy’s sign

A

cholecystitis

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6
Q

Pale stools, jaundice, abdo pain

A

biliary obstruction

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7
Q

Adbo distension, caput medusae, shifting dullness

A

Portal hypertension + ascites

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8
Q

Pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema nodosum

A

Crohn’s/UC

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9
Q

“Tinkling bowel sounds”

A

bowel obstruction

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10
Q

Vesicular rash + weight loss

A

Coeliac disease

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11
Q

Virchow’s node (left supra-clavicular)

A

gastric cancer

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12
Q

Urea breath test

A

H pylori

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13
Q

14C breath test

A

bacterial overgrowth

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14
Q

“Rice-water”-like stools

A

vibrio cholera

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15
Q

Presence of AMA

A

PBC

anti mitochondrial antibodies

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16
Q

Presence of ASMA

A

Autoimmune hepatitis

anti smooth muscle antibodies

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17
Q

Raised AFP

A

hepatocellular carcinoma (or teratoma)

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18
Q

‘Cobblestone mucosa’

A

Crohn’s Disease

deep fissuring ulceration of mucosa

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19
Q

Diuretic for ascites (due to cirrhosis)

A

Spironolactone

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20
Q

Corkscrew oesophagus on barium swallow

A

Diffuse oesophageal spasm

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21
Q

Severe abdo pain + D&V after raw milk

A

Campylobacter

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22
Q

Russell’s sign

A

self-induced vomiting

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23
Q

Mallory’s hyaline bodies

A

alcoholic liver disease (acute hepatitis) and chronic active hepatitis

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24
Q

Crypt abscess/cryptitis

A

Inflammatory Bowel CROHN’S

25
Q

Onion skinning fibrosis, beading of bile ducts

A

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

26
Q

“Signet Ring” cells seen on biopsy

A

Linitis plastica - diffuse stomach cancer

27
Q

Thumb-printing on x-ray, commonly at splenic flexure

A

Ischaemic colitis

28
Q

Charcot’s triad

A

Acute cholangitis

i.e. fever, jaundice and abdominal pain secondary to cholelithiasis

29
Q

Causes of abdominal mass

A

A CHEMICAL:

AAA, Crohn’s, hernia, enlarged organ, malignancy, interssusception, cyst or abscess, appendicitis, lymphadenopathy

30
Q

Causes of bowel obstruction

A

BATH VIPS:

bolus, adhesions, tumour, hernia, volvulus, intersussception, pseudo-obstruction, stricture.

31
Q

Stomatitis gangrenosum

A

Crohn’s

32
Q

In oesophagus, stratified squamous epithelium&raquo_space; simple columnar epithelium

A

Barrett’s oesophagus

33
Q

Duke’s classification

A

Bowel cancer

34
Q

Causes of abdominal distension

A 
Fat
Foetus
Flatus
Faeces
Fluid
Fucking massive tumour
35
Q

Causes of pancreatitis

A

GET SMASHED

gallstones, ethanol, trauma, steroids, mumps, autoimmune, scorpion stings, hyperlipidaemia/hypercalcaemia, ERCP, drugs

36
Q

Causes of liver disease

A 
A - Autoimmune
B - Hepatitis B
C - Hepatitis C
D - Drugs e.g. paracetamol
E - Ethanol
F - Fatty Liver Disease (NASH ~ obesity)
G - Growth (cancer/metastases)
H - Haemodynamic e.g. congestive heart failure
I - Infiltration [iron] (e.g. haemochromatosis, Wilson’s Disease) or
I - Infective
37
Q

Colicky loin pain radiating to groin

A

Ureteric colic

38
Q

Jaundice and constant upper right quadrant pain

A

Biliary colic

39
Q

Severe epigastric pain radiating to back, associated with vomiting

A

Acute pancreatitis

40
Q

Periumbilical pain radiating to right iliac fossa

A

Acute appendicitis

41
Q

Central abdominal pain, expansile pulsatile mass

A

AAA

42
Q

Iliac fossa pain, positive pregnancy test

A

Ectopic pregnancy

43
Q

Asterixis (liver flap)

A

Encephalopathy

44
Q

Leuconychia

A

Hypoalbuminaemia

45
Q

Koilonychia

A

IDA

46
Q

Buccal pigmentation

A

PJ syndrome

47
Q

Glossitis

A

B12 deficiency

48
Q

Aphthous ulceration

A

Crohn’s

Coeliac disease

49
Q

Craggy hepatomegaly

A

Liver malignancy

50
Q

Bronze pigmentation of skin

A

Haemachromatosis

51
Q

Middle-aged man, pruritis, jaundice, abdo. pain, AMA negative, high ALP

A

PSC

52
Q

Drug given for gastroparesis following an MI

A

metoclopramide

53
Q

Coffee bean sign on AXR

A

Sigmoid volvulus

loop of distended bowel

54
Q

Degenerative loss of ganglia from Auerbach’s plexus

A

Achalasia

55
Q

Congenital loss of ganglia from Auerbach’s plexus

A

Hirschsprung’s disease

56
Q

Patient with anxiety, feeling of lump in throat

A

Globus hystericus

57
Q

Faecolith obstruction

A

Most common cause of acute appendicitis

58
Q

RUQ pain, jaundice and fever

A

Charcot’s triad of ascending cholangitis

BUZZWORDS (3 decks)

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