Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MTBs Step 3 > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

Achalasia

dx? sx? tx?

A

inability of the LES to relax due to loss of nerve plexus

sx: young nonsmoker who has dysphagia to both solids and liquids
dx: barium swallow or esophageal manometry
tx: pneumatic dilation, heller myotomy, botulinum toxin injection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

young nonsmoking male who just got back from a mission trip to south american. presents with dysphagia to both solids and liquids. dx?

A

chagas disease! causing achalasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Esophageal cancer

sx? pt population? dx?

A

sx: dysphagia to solids first then liquids
pt: >50 yoa smokers or drinkers
dx: endoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

tx of esophageal cancer

A

resection + 5FU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Plummer-Vinson Syndrome

sx? tx?

A

PROXIMAL stricture in esophagus due to iron deficiency anemia.
tx: iron replacemnt

F>M, increased risk of cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Schatzki’s Ring(peptic stricture)

sx? tx?

A

repeat acid reflux causes stricture = DISTAL

  • steak-house syndrome
    tx: pneumatic dilation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Zenker Diverticulum

sx? dx? tx?

A

true diverticulum, dysphagia with horrible bad breath + regurge of undigested food.

dx: barium study showing outpouching
tx: surgical resection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Spastic Esophagus aka nutcracker esophagus

sx? dx?

A

severe chest pain often occuring without risk factors for heart disease, comes and goes, triggered by drinking cold beverages
dx: manometry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Spastic Esophagus aka nutcracker esophagus

tx?

A

CCB + nitrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Odynophagia in HIV negative person. whatcha gonna do?

A

endoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Odynophagia in HIV + person. whatcha gonna do?

A

fluconazole, if no response then esophagitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

mallory weiss tear dx and tx?

A

dx: endoscopy
tx: self resolving or epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

1st line tx for GERD

A

PPI(omeprazole, lansoprazol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what type of cancer can barretts esophagus lead to?

A

adenocarcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

tx for barretts esophagus

A

PPI & repeat endo every 2-3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

tx of low grade esophageal dysplasia

A

PPI & repeat endo in 3-6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Duodenal Ulcer pain gets —– with food.

A

better

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Peptic Ulcer pain gets —– with food.

A

worse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pt age>— and has epigastric pain must be scoped.

A

45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

tx of Hpylori. what if resistance?

A

tx: PPI + Clarithromycin + Amoxicillin
resistant: Metronidazole & tetracyclin + PPI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

52 year old man with epigastric discomfort. +Hpylori, upper endoscopy shows no gastritis, no ulcer disease, bx shows Hpylori. tx?

A

PPI alone! no ulcer = no need to tx Hpylori.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome(ZES)/Gastrinoma

sx?

A

Diarrhea(acid inactivates lipase), Ab pain, Anemia, Heme + stools,elevated gastrin, elevated gastric acid, large ulcer, multiple ulcers, ulcers distal to ligament of treitz, recurrent dispite Hpylori tx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome(ZES)/Gastrinoma

dx?

A
  1. U/S
  2. Nuclear Somatostatin Scan = pt with ZES have increased number of somatostatin receptors
  3. Secretin supression = should decrease gastrin, if not = ZES
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome(ZES)/Gastrinoma

tx?

A

resection + PPI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what should u be thinking if you see Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome(ZES)/Gastrinoma + hypercalcemia?
MEN2! | 2b: Pheo, Medullary thryoid, mucosal tumors
26
tx of diabetic gastroparesis
erythromycin
27
diabetic with NV, bloating, constipation, early satiety, succusion splash. dx?
diabetic gastroparesis
28
screening colonoscopy with IBD
start 8-10 years after dx and repeat every 1-2 years
29
UC vs CD | which is more often bloody?
UC
30
Extraintestinal manifestations of IBD?
joint pain, eye shit, erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, sclerosing cholangitis
31
Tx of IBD
Mesalamine > sulfasalazine, steroids severe: azathioprine & 6MP, Infliximab
32
tx of severe IBD
severe: azathioprine & 6MP, Infliximab
33
tx of C.diff
metronidazole
34
when do you give somthign else for C.diff? what do you give?
once metro has failed x2 then give oral vancomycin
35
lactose Intolerance | sx? dx? tx?
episodic diarrhea, flatulence dx: stool-osmolality test tx: remove milk shit from diet
36
Carcinoid Syndrome | sx? dx? tx?
flushing, episodes of hypotension, wheezing, diarrhea, CV murmer(tricuspid valve) dx: urinary 5-HIAA level tx: octreotide
37
what murmer is associated with carcinoid syndrome?
tricuspid valve
38
4 common shits that cause malabsorption
celiac dz, tropical sprue, chronic pancreatitis, whipple dz
39
Celiac Disease | cause? sx?
anti-gliadin, anti-endomysial & anti-transflutaminase ab cause flattening of villi sx: weight loss, fat malabsorption, iron malabsorption, microcytic anemia, folate malabsorption, dermatitis herpetiformis
40
which malabsorption dz is associated with Dermatitis Herpetiformis?
celiac disease
41
Tropical Sprue | sx? tx?
just like celiacs! but with hx of the tropics tx: doxy or TMP/SMX
42
Whipple Disease | sx? tx? dx?
arthralgias, neurological abnormalities(dementia & seizures), ocular findings dx: PAS + organisms tx: tetracycline, TMP/SMX
43
tx of whipples
tetracycline, TMP/SMX
44
IBS | sx?
abnormal pain relieved by bowel movements, abdominal pain that is less at night, abdominal pain w/diarrhea or constipation alternating
45
IBS | tx?
fiber, dicyclomine or hyoscyamine(antispasmodic/anticholinergic)
46
Colon cancer screening general population
colonoscopy starting at 50q10
47
colon cancer screening when family hx
start 10 years before family member dx
48
colon cancer screening in lynch syndrome?
starting at age 25q1/2
49
Hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer syndrome(Lynch Syndrome)
CEO: Colon = 3 family members, 2 generations, 1 premature(<50) E = endometrial cancer O = Ovarian cancer
50
Screening for FAP?
start at age 12
51
Gardner's Syndrome
GI & jaw tumors(osteomas)
52
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
melanotic spots on lips, hamartomatous polyps
53
Turcot Syndrome
colon, brain tumors + seizures
54
screening if dysplastic colonic polyp found?
repeat 3-5 years after
55
screening if previous colon cancer?
colonoscopy 1y s/p resection, 3y then q5 years
56
tx of diverticulosis
Ciprofloxacin, metronidazole
57
W/U of GI bleed
1. NG tube 2. Endoscopy 3. Brisk? angiogram; slow?tagged RBC; no bleed?colonoscopy
58
tx of active variceal bleeding?
octreotide
59
drug to shrinkk esophageal variceals
propanolol
60
complication from Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts(TIPS)
used to tx esophageal varicies | *hepatic encephalopathy
61
What is dumping syndrome?
rapid release of gastric contents into the duodenum causing osmotic draw into the bowel causing a rapid rise in glucose = shaking, sweating, weakness, hypoglycemia
62
what lab can tell u how severe pancreatitis is?
calcium! = worsening hypocalcemia = worse shit
63
tx of pancreatitis with >30% necrosis
imipenem + surgery
64
SAAG
Serum Albumin - Ascites Albumin Gradient SAAG > 1.1 = portal HTN or CHF/transudate SAAG <1.1 = exudative
65
tx of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
Cefotaxime or Ceftriaxone
66
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis | sx?
PBC is for the bitches = subtle | sx: 40-50yoa, osteoporosis, xanthomas, normal bili, increased ALP, ANTI-MITOCHONDRIAL AB
67
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis | tx?
Ursodeoxycholic acid
68
Primary Sclerosis Cholangitis | sx?
PSC is for sons of bitches | sx: itching, elevated bilirubin & ALP, jaundice, ERCP shows beading
69
Primary Sclerosis Cholangitis | tx?
ursodeoxycholic acid or Cholestyramine
70
Wilson's Disease | cause? sx? tx?
AR, decrease in ceruloplasma = decrease Cu excretion sx: cirrhosis, Choreiform movement, neuropsychiatric abnormalities, parkinsons tremor, kayser fleischer rings tx: penicillamine or trientine
71
Hemochromatosis | sx?
HFe gene mutation = excess Fe absorption from duodenum. sx: >50 yo with elevated AST, ALP, restrictive cardiomyopathy, skin darkening, jonit pain, bronze diabetes, pituitary accumulation(panhypopituitarism), Infertility, Hypatoma, Pseudogout, ED, Amenorrhea, elevated Fe & ferritin but low TIBC
72
tx of hemochromatosis
phlebotomy or defoxamine
73
Autoimmune Hepatitis
Autoimmune Hepatitis – often associated with other AI disease - SX: o elevated AST & ALT (~40s) & elevated alkaline phosphatase(ALP)(~1000s) o Elevated bilirubin o Extreme fatigue - DX: bx - TX: steroids +/- Azathioprine - Associated with: Celiac disease, thyroiditis, vasculitits - EX: o 42 yo AA female with SLE, extreme fatigue, lupus is stable on hydroxychloroquine, scleral icterus, hepatosplenomegaly, urine bilirubin +, AST 48, ALT 40, ALP 1000, bili 5. Dx?

MTBs Step 3 (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions