GI Flashcards
Oral manifestations of GI disease can
- precede onset
- Present during Disease
- Persist afterwards
- Reflect systemic alterations secondary to disease
Parotid Gland cell type
Mainly serous acini
Sublingual gland cell type
Mainly Mucous acini
Submandibular main cell type
Mixed
So are minor glands
Sialadenitis (inflammatory salivary gland lesions) symptoms
Dry mouth
Swelling
Pain
Sialadenitis (inflammatory salivary gland lesions) Conditions
Sialoliths
Mumps
Sarcoidosis
Sjogren syndrome
Sjogren Syndrome
Autoimmune disease mostly female 40-50
Sjogren symponste
Dry mouth, dry eyes, keratoconjunctivitis sicca
During sjogren ______ inflate
Intense lymphocytic inflation
Sjogren patients have an increased risk for
Lymphoma
40x
What is going to be enlarged in sjogren
Parotid
Unilateral or bilateral
Primary Sjogren
Only has SS
Secondary Sjogren syndrome
Occurs in setting of other autoimmune disease
Rheumatoid archivists SLE etc
What salivary gland is most affected by gland tumors
Parotid 75% of total SG
75% benign
Pleomorphic Adenoma ____ occur in _____gland
60%
Parotid
Pleomorphic Adenoma tumor will be
Lobulated Firm Encapsulated Can undergo malignant transformation Very slow growth
Warthin Tumor
Parotid Gland lesion
Male predilection
10% bilateral
Warthin Tumor is assocaited with
Smoking
Warthin Tumor may present
Bilateral
At same time or at different times
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma is the most common
Malignant SG tumor
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma affects which glands
Parotid and minor glands
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma may appear _____ due to _____ and _____
Bluish
Mucin and cystic growth pattern
Esophageal obstruction mechanical
Post inflammatory fibrosis/stenosis
Esophageal obstruction functional
Discoordinated musclar contractions or spasms diverticula may result; achalasia
Esophageal varices
Arise due to portal hypertension. Seen in 40% of cirrhosis patients. Often asymptomatic but rupture can result in massive hemorrhage/death
Esophagitis extrinsic agents
Chemical Iatrogenic Infections Trauma Heavy smoking
Esophagitis Intrinsic
Reflux (GERD)
Iatrogenic causes
Chemotherapy, radiation, graft versus host disease
Esophagealsquamous cell carcinoma
Smoking and alcohol use
Males but super prevalent in African American men
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Associated with GERD
Lower Third
Males 7:1
Often detected at late stage
Squamous cell cancer of the esophagus affects ____ of the esophagus
Mid 1/3
What cancer will you find a keratin pearl
Squamous cell cancer
Esophageal adenocarcinoma occur mostly in
The distasteful 1/3 of te esophagus
Gastritis
Acute abrupt transient variable pain may note ulceration
Autoimmune gastritis is the loss of _________ cells,Decrease __________, Decreased ________absorption, _________anemia
Particularly cells
Intrinsic factor
B12 absorption
Pernicious anemia
Acute gastritis pathogenesis
Cigarettes Alcohol Stress Ischemia NSAIDs
Acute Gastritis Pathology
punctuate hemorrhage, erosion
Edema, acute inflammation
Chronic gastritis usually caused by
Helicobacter pylori 90%
10% autoimmune (pernicious anemia)
Chronic Gastritis pathology
Atrophic epithelium
Chronic inflammation
Intestinal metaplasia
Helicobacter Pylori
Gram - bacillus
Helicobacter pylori is found in ________, ___________
65% gastric ulcers
85-100% duodenal ulcers
Peptic ulcer complications
Intractable pain
Hemorrhage
Perforation
Obstruction edema fibrosis
Tropical spruce
Aerobic bacteria
Small intestine malabsorption diarrhea
Abetalipoproteinemia
Transepithelial Transport defect ( mono and triglycerides )
Gluten sensitivity
Hypersensitive to gliadin
Celiac morphology
Blunted villi
Inflammatory infiltrate
Anemia
Deficiency: Iron Pyridoxine Folate B12
Bleeding from VIt k deficiency
Amenorrhea
Impotence and infertility: generalized malnutrition
Osteopenia, tetany
Defective Ca, Mg, VIt D and protein absorption
Deficiencies A and B12
Peripheral neuropathy nyctalopia (decreased VIt A)
