GI

Question 1

hepatocellular carcinoma risk

Answer 1

a1-AT deficiency
hemochromatosis
adenoma
hep B or C
cirrhosis
aflatoxin

Question 2

GI nerve bundles

Answer 2

Meissner’s - submucosa

Auerbach’s - b/w muscularis propria layers

Question 3

LKM-1 antibodies

Answer 3

autoimmune hepatitis

Question 4

acute transplant rejection

Answer 4

weeks

CD8 cells attack MHC

Question 5

primary biliary cirrhosis

primary sclerosing cholangitis

Answer 5

AMA, autoimmune

pANCA, beads, in UC or cancer

Question 6

cholangitis Reynold’s pentad

Answer 6

RUQ pain
fever
jaundice
\+ low BP
\+ mental status change

Question 7

vasculitis treatments:
Giant cell
Kawasaki
Polyarteritis nodosa
Wegeners

Answer 7

high prednisone
IVIG, high aspirin
steroids +/- cyclophosphamids
cyclophosphamide, steroids

Question 8

cANCA
pANCA
no ANCA

Answer 8

Wegeners, microscopic polyangitis
Churg-Strauss
Polyarteritis nodosa

Question 9

cavernous hemangioma

Answer 9

common benign
vascular space with single epithelial layer
fatal hemorrhage if biopsy

Question 10

EHEC

Answer 10

shiga-like AB5 toxin
remove adenine
prevent tRNA binding to 60S

Question 11

secretin

Answer 11

from duodenum

increases bicarb

Question 12

99mmTc pertechnetate scan

Answer 12

detects Meckel/ompalomesenteric duct

Question 13

hereditary pancreatitis

Answer 13

trypsinogen or SPINK1 gene mutation

Question 14

always involved in Hirschsprung

Answer 14

rectum

Question 15

pancreatitis causes

Answer 15

pseudocyst in lesser sac

no epithelial lining

Question 16

ground glass cytoplasm in liver

Answer 16

hep B, not C

from HBsAg

Question 17

liver and psych

Answer 17

Wilson disease

Question 18

early to late colon adenoma

Answer 18

KRAS

Question 19

late colon adenoma to adenocarcinoma

Answer 19

p53 and DCC

Question 20

H pylori location

Answer 20

gastric antrum

Question 21

Whipple disease

Answer 21

malabsorption - PAS + granule macrophages
arthritis
neuro

Question 22

calories

Answer 22

4 = protein/carb
7 = alcohol
9 = fat

Question 23

polygenic

Answer 23

alopecia
epilepsy
CAD
schizo
glaucoma
HT
cancer
DM type II

Question 24

hypercholesterolemia

Answer 24

primary biliary cirrhosis

Question 25

tuberculoid vs. lepromatous leprosy

Answer 25

positive skin test
cell mediated Th1
low bacterial load

negative
humoral Th2
high
higher antibody