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OSCE > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of vomiting

A
  1. GERD
  2. Pharyngeal pouch
  3. Bilious bowel obstruction
  4. Oesophageal stricture
  5. Infection
  6. Gastroparesis secondary to diabetes
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2
Q

Causes of diarrhoea

A
  1. Infection: C. difficile
  2. IBD
  3. Food allergy/ intolerance e.g. coeliac
  4. IBS
  5. Constipation with overflow
  6. Malignancy
  7. Medication e.g. laxatives
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3
Q

Causes of Jaundice

A
  1. Hepatitis
  2. Liver cirrhosis
  3. Biliary obstruction
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4
Q

Causes of Aphthous ulceration

A
  1. B12 deficiency
  2. Folate deficiency
  3. Iron deficiency
  4. Crohn’s disease
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5
Q

Causes of Haematemesis

A
  1. Oesophageal varice rupture
  2. Mallory-Weiss tear
  3. Peptic/ Duodenal ulcer
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6
Q

Causes of Dysphagia

A
  1. Oesophageal cancer
  2. Secondary to stroke
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7
Q

Causes of Odynophagia (pain when swallowing)

A
  1. Oesophageal stricture
  2. Infection e.g. Oesophageal candidiasis
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8
Q

Causes of Abdominal Pain

A

Localised:
1. IBD
2. IBS
3. Appendicitis
4. Pancreatitis
5. Gall stones
6. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
7. Indigestion
8. Diverticulitis
9. Oesophageal issues can radiate e.g. MW tear or ruptured OV
10. Cardiomyopathy
Generalised:
12. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

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9
Q

Causes of Abdominal Distension

A

4 F’s:
1. Fat
2. Fetus
3. Flatus (constipation)
4. Fluid (obstruction leading to fluid moving out)

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10
Q

Causes of Constipation

A
  1. Dehydration
  2. Decreased bowel mobility
  3. Medications e.g. opiates or anti-emetics; ondansetron
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11
Q

Causes of Steatorrhea (fatty streaks in faeces)

A
  1. Pancreatitis
  2. Pancreatic Cancer
  3. Biliary Obstruction
  4. Coeliac Disease
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12
Q

Causes of Malaena

A
  1. Peptic/ Duodenal ulcer
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13
Q

Causes of Haematochezia

A
  1. Haemorrhoids
  2. Anal fissures
  3. Lower GI malignancy
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14
Q

Systemic Symptoms associated with GI

A
  1. Weight Loss (malnutrition or malignancy)
  2. Fever
  3. Pruritus (bile in blood due to obstruction)
  4. Anorexia
  5. Fatigue
  6. Nausea
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15
Q

Questions to ask for vomiting presentation

A
  1. Presence of blood in vomit
  2. Presence of bile in vomit
  3. Volume of blood
  4. Number of episodes
  5. Severity of vomiting/ volume of vomit
  6. Any medication taken for the vomit
  7. Abdominal associated symptoms e.g. change in bowel habit, weight loss, abdominal pain, blood passage par rectum, retching, fainting
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16
Q

Extraintestinal signs of IBD

A

A PIE SAC
A: apthous ulcer
P: pyoderma grangunosum
I: Iritis
E: Erythema nodosum
S: sclerosing cholangitis
A: arthritis
C: clubbing

17
Q
A

OSCE (9 decks)

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